Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sulfide'

English Word: sulfide

Key Russian Translations:

• сульфид /ˈsulʲfʲid/ - [Formal; Used in scientific and chemical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific literature, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Upper Intermediate; Requires familiarity with chemical terminology and Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

сульфид: /ˈsulʲfʲid/

Note on сульфид: The stress is on the first syllable, and the 'л' is palatalized, which is a common feature in Russian words of foreign origin. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A compound of sulfur with another element or group (e.g., in chemistry).

Translation(s) & Context:

• сульфид - Used in formal scientific contexts, such as describing chemical compounds like sodium sulfide; common in academic or technical writing.

Usage Examples:

• В природе встречаются различные сульфиды, такие как пирротит и сфалерит.

  In nature, various sulfides are found, such as pyrrhotite and sphalerite. (This example shows the noun in a general descriptive context.)

• Химики изучают сульфид натрия для его применения в промышленности.

  Chemists study sodium sulfide for its applications in industry. (This demonstrates the word in a specific chemical compound context.)

• Сульфид часто образуется в условиях высокого давления и температуры.

  Sulfide often forms under conditions of high pressure and temperature. (This example illustrates the word in a process-oriented sentence.)

• В геологии сульфид играет ключевую роль в формировании полезных ископаемых.

  In geology, sulfide plays a key role in the formation of mineral resources. (This shows usage in a broader scientific field.)

• Исследования сульфида помогают понять процессы вулканической активности.

  Studies of sulfide help understand processes of volcanic activity. (This example highlights the word in research contexts.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Сульфид" is a masculine noun of the second declension in Russian. It follows regular noun inflection patterns, meaning it changes based on case, number, and gender. Below is a table outlining its basic inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular inflections, making it straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • сульфидный соединение (sulfidic compound) - Emphasizes the compound nature, often used interchangeably in technical contexts.
  • серы соединение (sulfur compound) - A broader term, but can be a synonym in non-specific chemical discussions.
• Antonyms:
  • оксид (oxide) - Refers to compounds of oxygen, contrasting with sulfur-based compounds.

Related Phrases:

• Металлический сульфид - Metallic sulfide; Refers to sulfides involving metals, common in mineralogy.
• Неорганический сульфид - Inorganic sulfide; Used to distinguish from organic compounds in chemistry.
• Сульфид водорода - Hydrogen sulfide; A specific and hazardous compound often discussed in environmental science.

Usage Notes:

"Сульфид" directly corresponds to the English "sulfide" in chemical contexts, but it's primarily used in formal, scientific, or technical settings. English speakers should note that Russian requires correct declension based on sentence structure—for example, use the genitive case after prepositions like "из" (from). When choosing translations, stick to "сульфид" for precise chemical terms; avoid casual alternatives unless in educational explanations. Be mindful of context: in everyday Russian, this word is rare outside academia, so it's ideal for professional or academic writing rather than casual conversation.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misdeclining the noun, e.g., using "сульфид" in the genitive case as "сульфид" instead of "сульфида". Correct: "Из сульфида натрия" (From sodium sulfide). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case, so learners often forget to change endings, leading to grammatical errors.

• Error: Confusing "сульфид" with "сульфат" (sulfate). Correct: Use "сульфид" for sulfur compounds without oxygen. Explanation: These are related but distinct chemical terms; mixing them can cause misunderstandings in scientific discussions.

• Error: Overusing in non-technical contexts, e.g., saying "сульфид" in casual talk about smells (like hydrogen sulfide). Correct: Reserve it for formal settings; in informal speech, explain concepts descriptively. Explanation: This makes speech sound unnatural to native speakers.

Cultural Notes:

"Сульфид" is a borrowed term from Western science, reflecting Russia's historical integration of international chemical nomenclature. It doesn't carry strong cultural connotations but is tied to Russia's advancements in chemistry and mining, such as in the Ural Mountains where sulfide minerals are abundant. Understanding this can help English learners appreciate how Russian science adapts global terms while maintaining its own grammatical structure.

Related Concepts:

• сульфат (sulfate)
• оксид (oxide)
• хлорид (chloride)
• минерал (mineral)