Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sufferance'

English Word: sufferance

Key Russian Translations:

• терпение /tʲɪrˈpʲenʲjə/ - [Formal, Common in everyday and philosophical contexts]
• допущение /dɐˈpuʂːenʲjə/ - [Formal, Legal or official contexts, such as permitting something reluctantly]

Frequency: Medium (Used in literature, legal texts, and conversations, but not as common in casual speech)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of abstract concepts and noun inflections, varying by translation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

терпение: /tʲɪrˈpʲenʲjə/

Note on терпение: The stress falls on the second syllable; be cautious with the palatalized 'т' sound, which is a common challenge for English speakers. Variations in regional accents may soften the 'р'.

допущение: /dɐˈpuʂːenʲjə/

Note on допущение: The 'щ' sound is a soft, prolonged fricative; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Endurance or patience in the face of hardship

Translation(s) & Context:

• терпение - Used in personal, emotional, or philosophical contexts where one tolerates difficulties without complaint.

Usage Examples:

• Он проявил терпение, ожидая результатов теста.

  He showed sufferance, waiting for the test results.

• Её терпение в воспитании детей было поистине героическим.

  Her sufferance in raising children was truly heroic.

• В трудные времена терпение помогает преодолеть препятствия.

  In hard times, sufferance helps to overcome obstacles.

• Несмотря на задержку, его терпение не угасло.

  Despite the delay, his sufferance did not fade.

• Терпение в медитации — ключ к внутреннему спокойствию.

  Sufferance in meditation is the key to inner peace.

Meaning 2: Reluctant permission or tolerance (e.g., in legal or formal settings)

Translation(s) & Context:

• допущение - Applied in situations involving official allowance or endurance of something undesirable, often with implications of authority.

Usage Examples:

• Его допущение на территорию было основано на строгих условиях.

  His sufferance on the premises was based on strict conditions.

• Допущение ошибок в контракте может привести к юридическим проблемам.

  Sufferance of errors in the contract can lead to legal issues.

• Правительство дало допущение на проведение митинга с оговорками.

  The government granted sufferance for the rally with reservations.

• Её допущение к участию было вынужденным решением.

  Her sufferance to participate was a reluctant decision.

• Допущение задержек в проекте сказалось на сроках.

  Sufferance of delays in the project affected the timelines.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are nouns, but they follow different inflection patterns in Russian. "терпение" is a neuter noun in the second declension, while "допущение" is also neuter but can vary based on context.

Note: These nouns do not change for gender but inflect regularly by case and number. Irregularities are minimal, making them straightforward for learners at B2 level.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: выносливость (endurance, similar but emphasizes physical resilience), стойкость (resilience, often used in emotional contexts)
• Antonyms: нетерпение (impatience, direct opposite in patience-related meanings)

Related Phrases:

• терпение — лотерея (Patience is a lottery; a proverb implying that patience can lead to unpredictable outcomes, often used to encourage endurance in uncertain situations.)
• терпение и труд всё перетрут (Patience and hard work will grind everything down; an idiomatic expression emphasizing the value of persistent effort.)
• допущение ошибки (Sufferance of error; a phrase used in legal or professional contexts to refer to allowing mistakes with consequences.)

Usage Notes:

"Sufferance" corresponds most closely to "терпение" in everyday English-Russian translation, especially for emotional endurance, but "допущение" is better for formal or legal contexts where reluctant permission is implied. Use "терпение" in spoken language or literature to convey patience without complaint, and reserve "допущение" for official documents. Be mindful of grammatical gender and case in sentences; for example, always inflect based on the noun's role. When choosing between translations, consider the context: if it's about personal resilience, opt for "терпение"; for institutional tolerance, use "допущение".

Common Errors:

• Common mistake: Confusing "терпение" with "страдание" (suffering), as both relate to hardship. Incorrect: "Он чувствует страдание в ожидании" (He feels suffering in waiting). Correct: "Он проявляет терпение в ожидании" (He shows sufferance in waiting). Explanation: "Страдание" implies active pain, while "терпение" focuses on passive endurance.

• Another error: Forgetting to inflect "допущение" in sentences, e.g., using nominative in all cases. Incorrect: "Я думаю о допущение" (I think about sufferance). Correct: "Я думаю о допущении" (I think about sufferance). Explanation: Proper case agreement is essential in Russian to avoid sounding unnatural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "терпение" (sufferance) is often linked to historical resilience, as seen in literature like Tolstoy's works, where it symbolizes the Russian spirit during hardships such as wars or economic struggles. This reflects a cultural value of stoicism, contrasting with more expressive Western approaches to endurance.

Related Concepts:

• стойкость
• выносливость
• терпимость