Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'striated'

English Word: striated

Key Russian Translations:

• Полосатый /pɐ.lɐˈsa.tɨj/ - [Adjective, describing patterns with stripes or streaks, Formal]
• С полосками /s pɐˈlos.ka.mʲi/ - [Phrase, Informal, used in everyday descriptions]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in scientific, biological, and descriptive contexts, but not in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjectives and their inflections, as per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Полосатый: /pɐ.lɐˈsa.tɨj/

С полосками: /s pɐˈlos.ka.mʲi/

Note on Полосатый: The stress is on the third syllable (/sa/), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft consonants and vowel reductions in Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Having stripes or streaks, often in a natural or structural context (e.g., in biology or geology)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Полосатый - Used in formal or scientific descriptions, such as for muscles or rocks, to indicate a striped appearance.
• С полосками - Informal alternative, often in everyday language for visual descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Эта мышца полосатая, что делает её идеальной для быстрого сокращения.

  This muscle is striated, which makes it ideal for quick contraction.

• Горы в этом регионе имеют полосатые слои, образованные эрозией.

  The mountains in this region have striated layers, formed by erosion.

• Полосатый узор на ткани придаёт ей уникальный вид.

  The striated pattern on the fabric gives it a unique appearance.

• В микроскопе видно, как с полосками волокна переплетаются.

  Under the microscope, you can see how the striated fibers intertwine.

• Полосатый мрамор часто используется в архитектуре для декоративных эффектов.

  Striated marble is often used in architecture for decorative effects.

Meaning 2: Figurative use, implying a layered or marked structure (less common, e.g., in patterns or designs)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Полосатый - Applied metaphorically in artistic or design contexts, emphasizing visual texture.

Usage Examples:

• Её речь была полосатой, полная контрастов и эмоциональных слоёв.

  Her speech was striated, full of contrasts and emotional layers.

• Полосатый дизайн интерьера добавляет динамику комнате.

  The striated design in the interior adds dynamism to the room.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Полосатый" is an adjective in Russian, which inflects based on gender, number, and case. It follows the standard pattern for first-declension adjectives. "С полосками" is a phrase and does not inflect as a single word.

Note: "С полосками" remains unchanged as it's a prepositional phrase.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Рябой (ryaboy) - Similar, but implies a more irregular pattern; used for spotted or mottled surfaces.
  • С узорами (s uzorami) - For patterned designs, less specific to stripes.
• Antonyms:
  • Однотонный (odnotonnyy) - Meaning uniform or solid color, without patterns.
  • Гладкий (gladkiy) - Meaning smooth, without any textures or stripes.

Related Phrases:

• Полосатая рубашка - A striped shirt; commonly used in fashion contexts.
• С полосками ткани - With fabric stripes; refers to materials in design or crafting.
• Поперечно полосатая мышца - Striated muscle; a key term in biology and anatomy.

Usage Notes:

"Полосатый" directly corresponds to "striated" in contexts like biology (e.g., striated muscle) or geology, but it's more versatile in Russian for general striped patterns. Use it in formal writing or scientific descriptions. For informal speech, "с полосками" is preferable as it's less rigid. Be mindful of adjective agreement with nouns in gender, number, and case, which is a common Russian grammar rule. When choosing between translations, opt for "полосатый" for precise, visual descriptions and "с полосками" for casual or phrase-based expressions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "полосатый" without proper inflection, e.g., saying "полосатый женщина" instead of "полосатая женщина".

  Correct: Ensure the adjective agrees with the noun's gender and case. Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun they describe, unlike in English where "striated" remains unchanged.

• Error: Confusing "полосатый" with "крапчатый" (spotted), leading to misuse in descriptions.

  Correct: Use "полосатый" for linear stripes and "крапчатый" for dots. Explanation: This mix-up can alter the intended meaning, as "striated" specifically implies lines, not spots.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, striped patterns like those described by "полосатый" are often associated with traditional folk art, such as in matryoshka dolls or khokhloma painting, where stripes symbolize harmony and nature's rhythms. However, in modern contexts, they might evoke prison uniforms in historical references, adding a subtle connotation of restriction or uniformity.

Related Concepts:

• Узор
• Текстура
• Мышца