Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'stern'

English Word: stern

Key Russian Translations:

• строгий [ˈstrɐ.ɡʲɪj] - [Formal, Adjective; used to describe strict or severe behavior]
• корма [ˈkormə] - [Noun; used in nautical contexts, such as referring to the rear of a ship]

Frequency: Medium (строгий is commonly used in everyday and educational contexts; корма is more specialized in maritime discussions)

Difficulty: B1 for строгий (Intermediate, as it involves adjective inflections); A2 for корма (Beginner, as it is a straightforward noun with minimal variations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

строгий: [ˈstrɐ.ɡʲɪj]

Note on строгий: The stress is on the first syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'г' sound, which is common in Russian adjectives.

Audio: []

корма: [ˈkormə]

Note on корма: The stress is on the first syllable; this word has a soft 'р' sound, which may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Adjective: Strict or severe in manner

Translation(s) & Context:

• строгий - Used in formal or educational settings to describe someone who enforces rules strictly, such as a teacher or parent.

Usage Examples:

• Мой учитель всегда строгий, но справедливый.

  My teacher is always strict, but fair. (This example shows строгий in a school context, emphasizing its role in describing personality.)

• В этой компании строгий дресс-код для сотрудников.

  In this company, there is a strict dress code for employees. (Illustrates строгий with a corporate setting, highlighting its use with rules.)

• Строгий родитель может помочь ребенку развить дисциплину.

  A strict parent can help a child develop discipline. (Demonstrates строгий in family contexts, showing its positive connotations.)

• Ее строгий взгляд заставил всех замолчать.

  Her strict gaze made everyone go silent. (This shows строгий in an idiomatic expression, focusing on non-verbal communication.)

Noun: The rear part of a ship or boat

Translation(s) & Context:

• корма - Used specifically in nautical or maritime discussions, referring to the back end of a vessel.

Usage Examples:

• Капитан стоял на корме корабля, наблюдая за горизонтом.

  The captain stood at the stern of the ship, watching the horizon. (This example places корма in a literal nautical scenario.)

• Волны били по корме яхты во время шторма.

  The waves hit the stern of the yacht during the storm. (Illustrates корма in a dynamic, action-oriented context.)

• На корме лодки есть место для хранения снастей.

  At the stern of the boat, there is space for storing gear. (Shows корма in a practical, everyday boating situation.)

• Пассажиры наслаждались видом с кормы круизного лайнера.

  Passengers enjoyed the view from the stern of the cruise ship. (Highlights корма in a leisure travel context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For строгий (adjective): This is a first-declension adjective in Russian, which changes based on gender, number, and case. It follows standard patterns for hard-stem adjectives.

Case/Number	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	строгий	строгая	строгое	строгие
Genitive	строгого	строгой	строгого	строгих
Dative	строгому	строгой	строгому	строгим
Accusative	строгий/строгого	строгую	строгое	строгие/строгих
Instrumental	строгим	строгой	строгим	строгими
Prepositional	строгом	строгой	строгом	строгих

For корма (noun): This is a feminine noun in the first declension and does not have irregular forms. It changes predictably by case but remains relatively simple.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	корма	кормы
Genitive	кормы	корм
Dative	корме	кормам
Accusative	корму	кормы
Instrumental	кормой	кормами
Prepositional	корме	кормах

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: суровый (more intense, often implying harshness in weather or character), жесткий (rigid or tough, especially in physical or metaphorical senses)
• Antonyms: мягкий (soft or lenient), добрый (kind or gentle)

Related Phrases:

• Строгий режим - A strict regime (refers to a disciplined routine, often in military or health contexts)
• Корма корабля - The stern of the ship (a direct phrase for nautical descriptions)
• Строгий контроль - Strict control (used in regulatory or supervisory scenarios)

Usage Notes:

Строгий is the most direct translation for the adjective "stern" in contexts involving discipline or authority, but it carries a neutral to positive connotation in Russian culture, unlike English where "stern" can sound more negative. Choose строгий over суровый if the emphasis is on fairness rather than harshness. For the noun "stern," use корма exclusively in maritime contexts; it's not interchangeable with other words like "back" in general usage. Be mindful of gender agreements when using these words in sentences, as Russian adjectives must agree with their nouns.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using строгий without proper gender agreement, e.g., saying "строгий женщина" instead of "строгая женщина." Correct: Always match the adjective to the noun's gender, number, and case. Explanation: This is a common mistake for English speakers due to the lack of agreement in English.

• Error: Confusing корма with "feed" (which is also "корм" in Russian). Correct: Use корма only for ship parts; for animal feed, use корм. Explanation: The similarity in spelling can lead to mix-ups, but context clarifies the meaning.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, строгий is often associated with the value of discipline in education and family life, reflecting historical influences from Soviet-era strictness. For example, it's commonly used positively in parenting or teaching, unlike in some Western contexts where "stern" might imply emotional distance. Корма, as a nautical term, ties into Russia's rich maritime history, such as in the Baltic or Pacific fleets, symbolizing exploration and endurance.

Related Concepts:

• дисциплина
• капитан
• яхта