Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sprain'

English Word: sprain

Key Russian Translations:

• растяжение [rɐˈstat͡ɕinʲje] - [Informal, Medical context]
• вывих [vɨˈvʲix] - [Informal, Sometimes used informally but less accurate for sprains]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and everyday injury discussions, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic knowledge of medical terminology and noun inflections, per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

растяжение: [rɐˈstat͡ɕinʲje]

вывих: [vɨˈvʲix]

Note on растяжение: The stress is on the third syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'н' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Audio: []

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Injury to a ligament (stretching or tearing of ligaments, often from physical activity)

Translation(s) & Context:

• растяжение - Used in medical or casual conversations about sports injuries or accidents, implying a non-serious ligament strain.
• вывих - Used in contexts where dislocation is possible, but often mistakenly for sprains in informal speech; prefer растяжение for accuracy.

Usage Examples:

• У меня растяжение лодыжки после бега.

  I have a sprain in my ankle after running. (Shows basic injury description in a sports context.)

• Врач диагностировал растяжение связок колена.

  The doctor diagnosed a sprain in the knee ligaments. (Illustrates medical diagnosis scenario.)

• Из-за растяжения я не могу играть в футбол на этой неделе.

  Because of the sprain, I can't play football this week. (Demonstrates impact on daily activities.)

• Она получила растяжение запястья во время падения.

  She got a sprain in her wrist during the fall. (Highlights accidental injury context.)

• Растяжение мышц и связок часто лечится холодом и покоем.

  Sprains of muscles and ligaments are often treated with cold and rest. (Shows treatment advice in a general health discussion.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "растяжение" and "вывих" are neuter nouns in Russian, following the third declension for "растяжение" and second for "вывих". They inflect based on case and number. Below is a table for "растяжение" as the primary translation:

For "вывих", it has similar inflections but is less commonly used for sprains. It is invariant in some contexts but follows standard neuter patterns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • ушиб (injury, bruise) - Often used for minor injuries, with less emphasis on ligaments.
  • травма (trauma) - A broader term for any injury, applicable in formal contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • здоровье (health) - Represents the opposite state, implying no injury.

Related Phrases:

• Лечить растяжение - Treat a sprain (Used in medical advice contexts to describe recovery methods.)
• Растяжение связок - Sprain of ligaments (A common phrase in injury reports or diagnoses.)
• Предотвратить растяжение - Prevent a sprain (Often in sports or safety discussions.)

Usage Notes:

Use "растяжение" for precise correspondence to "sprain" in English, especially in medical settings, as it specifically refers to ligament injuries. "Вывих" should be avoided if the injury is not a dislocation. In formal contexts, pair it with prepositions like "у" (at) or "в" (in) for location, e.g., "растяжение в лодыжке". Beginners may find inflections challenging, so focus on nominative forms first. Choose between translations based on context: "растяжение" for strains, "вывих" for more severe joint issues.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "растяжение" with "вывих": English learners often translate "sprain" as "вывих" due to similar sounds, but this implies dislocation. Correct: Use "растяжение" for sprains. Example of error: "У меня вывих лодыжки" (incorrect for a sprain); Correct: "У меня растяжение лодыжки". This mistake can lead to miscommunication in medical situations.

• Neglecting inflections: Forgetting to change the noun in genitive case, e.g., saying "боль от растяжение" instead of "боль от растяжения". Correct form: Always adjust for case to maintain grammatical accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, injuries like sprains are commonly discussed in the context of sports and outdoor activities, such as soccer or hiking. Terms like "растяжение" are prevalent in popular media and health campaigns, reflecting a cultural emphasis on physical resilience and prompt medical care, especially in regions with active lifestyles.

Related Concepts:

• перелом (fracture)
• ушиб (bruise)
• травма (injury)