Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'splint'

English Word: splint

Key Russian Translations:

• шина [ˈʂɨ.nə] - [Formal, Medical context]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and not commonly used in everyday conversation, primarily in medical or emergency contexts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical vocabulary and basic Russian noun declensions, suitable for learners with intermediate proficiency.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

шина: [ˈʂɨ.nə]

Note on шина: The initial "ш" sound is a voiceless retroflex fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers as it's similar to "sh" in "she" but more guttural. Stress falls on the first syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A device used to support and immobilize a fractured bone or injured limb.

Translation(s) & Context:

• шина - Used in formal medical settings, such as hospitals or first aid, to refer to a rigid support for bones.

Usage Examples:

• Врач наложил шину на сломанную ногу пациента.

  The doctor applied a splint to the patient's broken leg.

• В походной аптечке всегда должна быть шина для экстренных случаев.

  A first aid kit for hiking should always include a splint for emergencies.

• После аварии спасатели использовали импровизированную шину из подручных средств.

  After the accident, rescuers used an improvised splint made from available materials.

• Шина помогает зафиксировать перелом и предотвратить дальнейшее повреждение.

  A splint helps to stabilize the fracture and prevent further injury.

• В ортопедической клинике шину часто комбинируют с гипсом для лучшего результата.

  In orthopedic clinics, a splint is often combined with a cast for better results.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Шина" is a feminine noun (third declension in Russian). It follows standard Russian noun inflection patterns for case, number, and gender. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: The word is invariable in terms of gender and does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners once basic declensions are mastered.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • бандаж (bandage) - More general term for supportive wrapping, often used interchangeably in non-rigid contexts.
  • фиксатор (fixator) - Emphasizes immobilization, commonly in surgical settings.
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as this is a specific medical tool without a clear opposite. However, in broader contexts, "снятие" (removal) could imply the opposite action.

Related Phrases:

• Наложить шину - To apply a splint (Used in first aid situations to stabilize injuries).
• Импровизированная шина - Improvised splint (Refers to making a splint from everyday objects in emergencies).
• Шина для фиксации - Splint for fixation (Emphasizes the role in orthopedic treatment).

Usage Notes:

• The Russian word "шина" directly corresponds to the English "splint" in medical contexts but is more commonly associated with rigid devices, unlike softer bandages. Use it in formal or professional settings to avoid confusion with "бандаж".
• In everyday Russian, this term is rare outside healthcare, so learners should note its specialized vocabulary status.
• When choosing between translations, opt for "шина" for bone-related injuries; for general support, "бандаж" might be more appropriate.
• Grammatically, always decline it according to Russian case rules, as shown in the inflections table, to ensure natural sentence flow.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "шина" without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я взял шина" instead of "Я взял шину".
  Correct: "Я взял шину" (I took the splint). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case; here, accusative case is needed for the direct object.
• Error: Confusing "шина" with "шина" in the context of vehicle tires (which is the same word but means "tire" in automotive contexts).
  Correct: In medical discussions, context clarifies meaning; always specify if ambiguous. Explanation: Homonyms exist in Russian, so provide additional context to avoid misunderstandings.
• Error: Overusing in non-medical contexts, e.g., metaphorically without basis.
  Correct: Stick to literal medical use; for metaphors, use more common words. Explanation: This can make speech sound unnatural or overly literal to native speakers.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of "шина" is tied to practical, emergency medical care, reflecting the historical emphasis on self-reliance in rural or remote areas due to vast geography. It's often featured in Soviet-era first aid training, symbolizing preparedness in adverse conditions, which underscores Russia's cultural value of resilience and community support in crises.

Related Concepts:

• бандаж
• гипс
• перелом