Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sickening'

English Word: sickening

Key Russian Translations:

• Тошнотворный (Toshnotvornyy) - [IPA: tɐʂnətvɐrˈnɨj] - [Formal, used in medical or descriptive contexts to indicate something that induces nausea]
• Омерзительный (Omerzitel'nyy) - [IPA: ɐmʲɪrzʲɪˈtʲelʲnɨj] - [Informal, used in everyday speech to describe something repulsive or disgusting]
• Отвратительный (Otravitel'nyy) - [IPA: ɐtrɐˈvʲitʲɪlʲnɨj] - [Neutral, commonly used in both formal and informal settings for strong disgust]

Frequency: Medium (The word and its translations are encountered in literature, media, and everyday conversations, but not as frequently as basic adjectives like "good" or "bad".)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires understanding of adjective declensions and nuanced emotional vocabulary. For "Тошнотворный", it may be B2 due to its specific connotations; "Омерзительный" could be A2 for beginners but B1 overall.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Тошнотворный: [IPA: tɐʂnətvɐrˈnɨj]

Note on Тошнотворный: The "ш" sound (IPA: ʂ) is a retroflex fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers; emphasize the stress on the third syllable. Variations may occur in regional dialects.

Омерзительный: [IPA: ɐmʲɪrzʲɪˈtʲelʲnɨj]

Note on Омерзительный: Pay attention to the palatalized "р" (IPA: rʲ), which softens the sound; common in Russian adjectives.

Отвратительный: [IPA: ɐtrɐˈvʲitʲɪlʲnɨj]

Note on Отвратительный: The stress falls on the third syllable; avoid confusing it with similar words like "отвратный".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Causing a feeling of disgust, nausea, or revulsion (e.g., something that makes one feel sick to the stomach).

Translation(s) & Context:

• Тошнотворный - Used in formal or medical contexts, such as describing food or smells that induce physical nausea.
• Омерзительный - Applied in informal, emotional situations, like reacting to unethical behavior or unpleasant sights.
• Отвратительный - Versatile, often in neutral contexts for general disgust, such as in reviews or descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: Этот фильм был таким тошнотворным, что я не смог досмотреть до конца.

  English translation: This film was so sickening that I couldn't watch it to the end.

• Русский пример: Запах из канализации омерзительный и невыносимый в жару.

  English translation: The smell from the sewer is sickening and unbearable in the heat.

• Русский пример: Отвратительный вкус этой еды заставил меня отказаться от ужина.

  English translation: The sickening taste of this food made me skip dinner.

• Русский пример: В новостях показали тошнотворные сцены аварии, которые шокировали зрителей.

  English translation: The news showed sickening scenes of the accident that shocked the viewers.

• Русский пример: Его омерзительное поведение на вечеринке отпугнуло всех гостей.

  English translation: His sickening behavior at the party scared off all the guests.

Meaning 2: Morally repulsive or offensive (e.g., actions that are ethically sickening).

Translation(s) & Context:

• Омерзительный - Ideal for moral disgust, often in interpersonal or social contexts.
• Отвратительный - Used for broader ethical violations, like in legal or public discourse.
• Тошнотворный - Less common here, but possible in metaphorical senses.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: Омерзительная ложь политика вызвала общественный скандал.

  English translation: The sickening lie of the politician caused a public scandal.

• Русский пример: Отвратительная дискриминация в обществе должна быть искоренена.

  English translation: Sickening discrimination in society must be eradicated.

• Русский пример: Тошнотворная коррупция в правительстве подрывает доверие народа.

  English translation: The sickening corruption in the government undermines public trust.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations ("Тошнотворный", "Омерзительный", "Отвратительный") are adjectives, which in Russian decline based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow a standard pattern for hard-stem adjectives, with some irregularities.

These adjectives are regular and do not have significant irregularities, but always agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Отвратный (Otravnyy) - Similar to "Отвратительный", but slightly less intense; used for general repulsion.
  • Противный (Protivnyy) - Informal synonym, often for something annoying or distasteful.
  • Гадкий (Gadkiy) - Conveys a sense of ugliness or vileness, with a childish connotation in some contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • Приятный (Priyatnyy) - Pleasant or agreeable.
  • Прекрасный (Prekrasnyy) - Beautiful or wonderful.
  • Аппетитный (Appetitnyy) - Appetizing, especially in food contexts.

Related Phrases:

• Тошнотворная еда (Toshnotvornaia eda) - Sickening food; refers to meals that cause nausea, often in health discussions.
• Омерзительная сцена (Omerzitel'naia stsena) - Sickening scene; used in films or real-life events to describe disturbing visuals.
• Отвратительная погода (Otravitel'naia pogoda) - Sickening weather; for extremely unpleasant conditions like heavy rain or heat.

Usage Notes:

"Sickening" corresponds closely to Russian adjectives like "Тошнотворный" for physical nausea and "Омерзительный" for emotional disgust. Choose based on context: use "Тошнотворный" in formal or medical settings, and "Омерзительный" in casual conversations. Be mindful of gender agreement with nouns, as Russian adjectives must decline. In idiomatic expressions, these words can intensify emotions, similar to English intensifiers like "utterly sickening".

• Always pair with a noun, e.g., "sickening experience" becomes "омерзительный опыт".
• In spoken Russian, these words can sound harsh, so use sparingly in polite company.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse these adjectives by not declining them correctly. For example, a common error is saying "омерзительный женщина" (incorrect, as it should agree in gender: "омерзительная женщина"). Correct usage: "Омерзительная женщина" (The sickening woman). Another mistake is confusing "Тошнотворный" with "Болезненный" (painful), leading to sentences like "Это болезненный фильм" instead of "Это тошнотворный фильм". Explanation: Always check the noun's gender and case for proper agreement to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "Омерзительный" are often used in literature and media to critique social issues, such as in works by authors like Dostoevsky, where moral sickness reflects deeper societal flaws. This reflects a cultural emphasis on introspection and criticism, helping users understand why such vocabulary appears frequently in Russian art and discussions.

Related Concepts:

• Больной (Bol'noi) - Ill or sick.
• Отвращение (Otravlenie) - Disgust or revulsion.
• Гадость (Gadost') - Nastiness or vileness.