Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'shortwave'

English Word: shortwave

Key Russian Translations:

• Короткие волны [kəˈrɒtkʲɪvɐˈlʲinɨ] - [Technical, used in radio communication contexts]
• Коротковолновый [kəˈrɒtkɐvɐlˈnovɨj] - [Adjectival form, Informal or Technical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical discussions, radio enthusiasts, and scientific contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (Requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and adjectives; the first translation is straightforward, while inflections may pose challenges for beginners)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Короткие волны: [kəˈrɒtkʲɪvɐˈlʲinɨ]

Note on Короткие волны: The stress falls on the third syllable ("vo-'lʲinɨ"). Be mindful of the palatalized 'l' sound, which is a common difficulty for English speakers.

Коротковолновый: [kəˈrɒtkɐvɐlˈnovɨj]

Note on Коротковолновый: This adjective has a soft ending; pronounce the final 'y' as a softened vowel. Variations may occur in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Radio waves with wavelengths between 10 and 100 meters, often used for long-distance communication.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Короткие волны - Used in technical or scientific discussions, such as amateur radio or broadcasting.
• Коротковолновый - Applied as an adjective to devices or signals, e.g., in informal tech talk.

Usage Examples:

• Я слушаю короткие волны на своей старой радиостанции по вечерам.

  I listen to shortwave on my old radio station in the evenings.

• Коротковолновый приёмник идеален для дальних передач в горах.

  A shortwave receiver is ideal for long-distance transmissions in the mountains.

• В экстремальных условиях короткие волны помогают установить связь.

  In extreme conditions, shortwave helps establish communication.

• Мой отец коллекционирует коротковолновые устройства из 1980-х.

  My father collects shortwave devices from the 1980s.

• Короткие волны часто используются в международных радиопередачах.

  Shortwave is often used in international radio broadcasts.

Meaning 2: A type of radio or communication system relying on these waves.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Коротковолновая радиосвязь - Used in formal or professional settings, such as military or emergency communications.

Usage Examples:

• Коротковолновая радиосвязь спасла многих путешественников в отдалённых районах.

  Shortwave radio communication has saved many travelers in remote areas.

• Для любителей – короткие волны открывают мир новых частот.

  For enthusiasts, shortwave opens up a world of new frequencies.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Короткие волны is a noun phrase where "короткие" is an adjective agreeing with "волны" (waves, feminine plural noun). Russian adjectives and nouns inflect based on case, number, and gender.

For the adjective "коротковолновый" (irregular in form), it changes as follows: Masculine: коротковолновый; Feminine: коротковолновая; Neuter: коротковолновое; Plural: коротковолновые. It does not change further in most cases but must agree with the noun it modifies.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • КВ (abbreviation for короткие волны, used in technical contexts)
  • Коротковолновые частоты (more specific, emphasizing frequencies)
• Antonyms:
  • Длинные волны (long waves, contrasting in wavelength)
  • Ультракороткие волны (ultrashort waves, for very high frequencies)
  • Note: "Длинные волны" is often used in historical radio contexts to highlight differences in propagation.

Related Phrases:

• Коротковолновый радиоприёмник - A shortwave radio receiver; commonly used by hobbyists for global listening.
• Слушать короткие волны - To listen to shortwave; refers to tuning into international broadcasts.
• Коротковолновая антенна - Shortwave antenna; essential for effective signal reception in remote areas.

Usage Notes:

"Shortwave" directly corresponds to "короткие волны" in technical English-Russian translations, but in everyday Russian, it's often contextualized within radio or communication discussions. Use "коротковолновый" as an adjective for devices or signals, ensuring gender and case agreement with the noun (e.g., always feminine for "волна"). Be cautious with formal vs. informal settings: "КВ" is shorthand in tech circles, while full forms are preferred in writing. When choosing between translations, opt for "короткие волны" for nouns and "коротковолновый" for descriptors to maintain precision.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misusing case, e.g., saying "слушать короткие волну" instead of "слушать короткие волны". Correct: Always ensure plural agreement for "волны". Explanation: Russian nouns require adjectives to inflect, which English learners often overlook, leading to grammatical errors.

• Error: Pronouncing the stress incorrectly, e.g., stressing the first syllable in "короткие". Correct: Stress the third syllable as [kəˈrɒtkʲɪvɐˈlʲinɨ]. Explanation: This can make the word sound unnatural and confuse native speakers, as stress patterns are crucial in Russian.

• Error: Confusing with similar terms, e.g., using "длинные волны" interchangeably. Correct: Use "короткие волны" specifically for shortwave contexts. Explanation: Antonyms like "длинные волны" refer to different frequencies, so accuracy prevents miscommunication in technical discussions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, shortwave radio has historical significance due to its role in Cold War-era international broadcasting, such as Voice of America or Radio Moscow. It symbolizes global connectivity in remote areas, where traditional media might be unreliable, and is popular among enthusiasts for accessing uncensored content.

Related Concepts:

• Радио (radio)
• Частоты (frequencies)
• Антенна (antenna)