Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sexism'

English Word: sexism

Key Russian Translations:

• сексизм /sɛkˈsizm/ - [Formal; Used in academic, social, and media contexts]
• гендерная дискриминация /ˈɡɛndərnəjə dʲɪskrimʲɪˈnatsɨjə/ - [Formal; More descriptive and commonly used in legal or everyday discussions]

Frequency: Medium (The term is relevant in contemporary discussions on gender issues but not as ubiquitous as basic vocabulary in everyday Russian speech.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of social and cultural concepts, as per CEFR standards. For 'сексизм', it is B2; for 'гендерная дискриминация', it may be A2-B1 due to its compound structure.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

сексизм: /sɛkˈsizm/ (Stress on the second syllable; the 'x' is pronounced as a fricative sound similar to 'ks'.)

гендерная дискриминация: /ˈɡɛndərnəjə dʲɪskrimʲɪˈnatsɨjə/ (Stress on the first syllable of each word; note the palatalized 'dʲ' in 'dʲɪskrimʲɪ', which is a common feature in Russian.)

Note on сексизм: This is a borrowed word from English, so pronunciation closely mirrors the original, but Russians may soften the consonants for natural flow.

Note on гендерная дискриминация: Pay attention to the vowel reductions in casual speech, where unstressed vowels like 'e' can sound like 'i'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Discrimination based on sex or gender

Translation(s) & Context:

• сексизм - Used in formal debates or media to denote prejudice against individuals based on their gender; common in feminist discourse.
• гендерная дискриминация - Applied in legal and everyday contexts to describe systemic inequalities; often used when emphasizing institutional aspects.

Usage Examples:

• В современном обществе сексизм проявляется в различных формах, таких как неравенство в оплате труда.

  In modern society, sexism manifests in various forms, such as inequality in wages.

• Гендерная дискриминация на рабочем месте часто приводит к потере талантов среди женщин.

  Gender discrimination in the workplace often leads to the loss of talent among women.

• Многие активисты борются против сексизма в СМИ и рекламе.

  Many activists fight against sexism in media and advertising.

• Гендерная дискриминация остается серьезной проблемой в некоторых традиционных культурах.

  Gender discrimination remains a serious issue in some traditional cultures.

• Сексизм в повседневной речи может быть subtle, но он подрывает равенство.

  Sexism in everyday speech can be subtle, but it undermines equality.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Сексизм' is a masculine noun (as a borrowed word) and typically does not inflect irregularly, but it follows standard Russian patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant:

'Гендерная дискриминация' is a phrase where 'гендерная' (feminine adjective) agrees with 'дискриминация' (feminine noun). It inflects as follows for 'дискриминация':

Note: These are regular inflections; no irregularities for these terms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • дискриминация (discrimination; more general term)
  • предрассудки (prejudices; implies biased attitudes)
  • Note: 'Дискриминация' is often preferred in formal contexts for its precision.
• Antonyms:
  • равенство (equality; directly opposes discriminatory practices)
  • справедливость (justice; broader concept of fairness)

Related Phrases:

• Борьба с сексизмом - Fight against sexism; Used in activist contexts to describe efforts for gender equality.
• Гендерная дискриминация на работе - Gender discrimination at work; Common in discussions about workplace inequality.
• Сексизм в СМИ - Sexism in the media; Refers to biased portrayals in journalism and entertainment.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'сексизм' is a direct loanword and closely mirrors the English term, making it ideal for international contexts, while 'гендерная дискриминация' is more expansive and culturally adapted. Choose 'сексизм' for concise, modern discussions, but opt for 'гендерная дискриминация' in legal or formal settings to emphasize systemic issues. Be mindful of the feminine gender of related nouns, as Russian grammar requires adjective agreement (e.g., 'гендерная' changes with case). This vocabulary is sensitive; use it in appropriate contexts to avoid offense.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'сексизм' interchangeably with 'дискриминация' without specifying gender context. Correct: Specify as 'гендерная дискриминация' for clarity. Example of error: "Это дискриминация" (This is discrimination) without context; Better: "Это гендерная дискриминация" to align with 'sexism'.
• Mistake: Incorrect inflection, e.g., saying 'сексизмам' in nominative case. Correct: Use 'сексизм' in nominative singular. Explanation: Russian nouns must follow case rules; learners often overlook this in compound phrases.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions of sexism are often tied to broader themes of gender roles influenced by historical events like the Soviet era's emphasis on women's labor participation. However, contemporary issues, such as those highlighted by movements like #MeToo, have brought 'сексизм' into mainstream conversations, revealing ongoing patriarchal elements in society.

Related Concepts:

• феминизм (feminism)
• патриархат (patriarchy)
• равноправие (equal rights)