Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'set'

English Word: set

Key Russian Translations:

• набор [ˈnəbər] - [Formal; used for a collection of items]
• установить [ʊstɐˈnovʲɪtʲ] - [Formal; used for placing or installing something]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday contexts like shopping or technology)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of noun declensions and verb conjugations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

набор: [ˈnəbər]

установить: [ʊstɐˈnovʲɪtʲ]

Note on набор: The stress is on the first syllable; be careful with the soft 'р' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Note on установить: This verb has a soft 'т' in some dialects; pronounce it with a gentle, palatalized ending.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A collection of items that belong together (e.g., a set of tools)

Translation(s) & Context:

• набор - Used in formal or everyday contexts for grouped objects, such as in shopping or education.

Usage Examples:

• Я купил новый набор инструментов для ремонта. (Ya kupil novyy nabor instrumentov dlya remonta.)

  I bought a new set of tools for repairs.

• Этот набор книг включает классику русской литературы. (Etot nabor knig vklyuchayet klassiku russkoy literatury.)

  This set of books includes classics of Russian literature.

• В коробке есть набор подарков для детей. (V korobke yest' nabor podarkov dlya detey.)

  In the box, there's a set of gifts for children.

• Она собрала набор фотографий из отпуска. (Ona sobrala nabor fotografiy iz otpuska.)

  She collected a set of photos from the vacation.

2. To put or place in a particular position (e.g., to set a table)

Translation(s) & Context:

• установить - Used in formal contexts for installing or setting up, often in technical or routine scenarios.

Usage Examples:

• Пожалуйста, установите будильник на 7 утра. (Pozhaluysta, ustanovite budil'nik na 7 utra.)

  Please set the alarm for 7 a.m.

• Мы установили стол для ужина. (My ustanovili stol dlya uzhina.)

  We set the table for dinner.

• Техник установил новое программное обеспечение. (Tekhnik ustanovil novoye programmnoye obespecheniye.)

  The technician set up the new software.

• Он установил камеру на tripode. (On ustanovil kameru na tripode.)

  He set the camera on the tripod.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "набор" (a masculine noun), it follows standard first-declension patterns with changes in cases and numbers. It is a regular noun.

For "установить" (a verb, perfective aspect), it is conjugated irregularly in some tenses. Base form: установить. Example conjugation in present tense (though it's more common in past or imperative):

Note: "Установить" does not change in imperative forms but follows standard verb patterns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Комплект (komplekt) - Similar to "набор" but often implies a more complete set.
  • Устроить (ustroit') - A synonym for "установить" in the sense of arranging.
• Antonyms:
  • Разобрать (razobrat') - Opposite of "установить," meaning to disassemble.
  • Распаковать (raspakovat') - In some contexts, opposite of a collected "набор," meaning to unpack or separate.

Related Phrases:

• Набор инструментов (nabór instrumentov) - A set of tools; commonly used in DIY or professional contexts.
• Установить приложение (ustanóvit' primeneniye) - To set up an app; refers to installing software on devices.
• Полный набор (polnyy nabor) - A full set; implies completeness in collections.

Usage Notes:

"Набор" directly corresponds to the English "set" as a noun for collections, but it's more formal in Russian and often used in written or technical language. "Установить" aligns with "set" as a verb for positioning or installing, but choose it over synonyms like "поставить" when the action implies permanence. Be mindful of context: in informal speech, Russians might use diminutives like "наборчик" for affection. Grammatically, ensure agreement with gender and case, as "набор" is masculine.

• Tip: When translating "set" as a verb, verify if a perfective aspect like "установить" fits better than imperfective forms.
• Multiple translations: Use "набор" for physical sets and "установить" for actions; avoid confusing with "set" in phrases like "set in stone" (better as "закрепить").

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse case endings with "набор," such as saying "в набор" instead of "в наборе" (correct genitive in prepositional phrases). Error example: Incorrect - "Я взял набор инструменты" (missing accusative agreement); Correct - "Я взял набор инструментов." Another common mistake is overusing "установить" for simple placement; it implies installation, so use "поставить" for casual setting. Explanation: Russian verbs have aspectual nuances, so matching the context prevents awkward phrasing.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, a "набор" like a gift set (e.g., for holidays) often symbolizes thoughtfulness and tradition, such as Matryoshka doll sets representing family unity. "Установить" might evoke historical contexts, like installing statues of national heroes, reflecting Russia's emphasis on monumentalism in public spaces.

Related Concepts:

• Коллекция (kollektsiya)
• Монтаж (montazh)
• Комплектация (komplektatsiya)