Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'searing'

English Word: searing

Key Russian Translations:

• жаркий (zhárkiy) - [Formal, Adjective]
• обжигающий (abzhigáushchiy) - [Informal, Adjective, Used in descriptive contexts]
• обжигать (abzhigát') - [Formal/Informal, Verb, Plural forms possible]

Frequency: Medium (Common in literary and everyday descriptions of heat or intensity, but not as frequent as basic temperature-related words).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjectives and verbs with inflections, suitable for learners with basic Russian grammar knowledge. For 'обжигать' as a verb, it may be B2 due to conjugation patterns).

Pronunciation (Russian):

жаркий: [ʐárkʲɪj]

обжигающий: [ɐbʐʲɪˈɡaʊ̯ʂːɪj]

Note on обжигающий: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the soft sign (ь) which affects pronunciation, making it softer and more fluid in spoken Russian.

обжигать: [ɐbʐʲɪˈɡatʲ]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: As an adjective, meaning intensely hot or piercing (e.g., describing heat or pain).

Translation(s) & Context:

• жаркий - Used in formal or literary contexts to describe extreme heat, such as weather or sensations (e.g., in poetry or scientific descriptions).
• обжигающий - Informal contexts, often for vivid, sensory descriptions like burning pain or scorching temperatures.

Usage Examples:

• Жаркий летний день заставил всех искать тень. (A searing summer day forced everyone to seek shade.)

  English Translation: The searing summer day forced everyone to seek shade.

• Обжигающий ветер обдувал лицо, как будто из печи. (The searing wind blew against the face, as if from an oven.)

  English Translation: The searing wind blew against the face, as if from an oven.

• Его жаркий взгляд проникал в душу. (His searing gaze pierced the soul.)

  English Translation: His searing gaze pierced the soul.

• Обжигающий кофе обжег мне язык. (The searing coffee burned my tongue.)

  English Translation: The searing coffee burned my tongue.

• В жаркий полдень улица была пустой. (In the searing midday, the street was empty.)

  English Translation: In the searing midday, the street was empty.

Meaning 2: As a verb, meaning to burn the surface with intense heat (e.g., cooking or accidental burning).

Translation(s) & Context:

• обжигать - Used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in cooking instructions or describing injuries (e.g., in recipes or medical scenarios).

Usage Examples:

• Обжигать мясо на гриле придаёт ему особый вкус. (Searing the meat on the grill gives it a special flavor.)

  English Translation: Searing the meat on the grill gives it a special flavor.

• Не обжигай руки горячим утюгом! (Don't sear your hands with the hot iron!)

  English Translation: Don't sear your hands with the hot iron!

• В ресторане шеф-повар обжигает овощи для салата. (In the restaurant, the chef sears the vegetables for the salad.)

  English Translation: In the restaurant, the chef sears the vegetables for the salad.

• Обжигать металл — это часть процесса ковки. (Searing metal is part of the forging process.)

  English Translation: Searing metal is part of the forging process.

• Она случайно обожгла палец, касаясь сковороды. (She accidentally seared her finger by touching the pan.)

  English Translation: She accidentally seared her finger by touching the pan.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'жаркий' (adjective): This is a standard first-declension adjective in Russian, which changes based on gender, number, and case. It follows regular patterns with no irregularities.

For 'обжигающий' (adjective): Similar to 'жаркий', it follows first-declension rules with gender, number, and case variations, but stress shifts in some forms.

For 'обжигать' (verb): This is an imperfective verb of the first conjugation. It has regular inflections but requires attention to aspect (imperfective). Below is a partial conjugation table for present tense:

Note: The verb is imperfective; its perfective counterpart is 'обжечь'.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • жгучий (zhguchiy) - More intense connotation, often used for burning sensations.
  • палящий (palyashchiy) - Specifically for scorching heat, like the sun.
• Antonyms:
  • холодный (kholodnyy) - Cold, opposite of heat.
  • прохладный (prokhladnyy) - Cool, mild opposite in temperature contexts.

Related Phrases:

• жаркий день (zhárkiy den') - A searing day; used for extremely hot weather.
• обжигать кожу (abzhigát' kozhu) - To sear the skin; refers to sunburn or burns, with a cautionary connotation.
• обжигающий холод (abzhigáushchiy kholod) - Searing cold; a paradoxical phrase for intense freezing sensations.

Usage Notes:

'Searing' as an adjective often translates to 'жаркий' in Russian for heat-related contexts, but 'обжигающий' adds a more vivid, sensory element, making it ideal for descriptive writing. As a verb, 'обжигать' directly corresponds to actions like cooking or accidental burns. Be mindful of context: in formal settings, use 'жаркий' for weather, and in everyday speech, 'обжигать' for actions. Grammar note: Adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which is a common point of confusion for English speakers.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'жаркий' without proper inflection, e.g., saying "жаркий женщина" instead of "жаркая женщина".
  Correct: Ensure agreement, as in "жаркая женщина" for feminine nouns.
  Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender; this mistake stems from English's lack of such agreements.
• Error: Confusing the verb aspect, e.g., using 'обжигать' when a completed action is needed, like saying "Я обжигать руку" for a past event.
  Correct: Use the perfective form 'обжег' for completed actions, e.g., "Я обжег руку".
  Explanation: Russian verbs have aspects; imperfective ('обжигать') describes ongoing actions, while perfective indicates completion.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'жаркий' often evoke summers in southern regions or the intensity of Russian winters when used in phrases like 'обжигающий холод'. This reflects the country's vast climate variations, where extreme temperatures are a common theme in literature, such as in Tolstoy's works, symbolizing emotional or physical endurance.

Related Concepts:

• жара (zhara) - Heat wave.
• обжиг (abzhig) - Burn or scorching.
• пламя (plamya) - Flame, often linked to intense heat in metaphorical contexts.