Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'screen'

English Word: screen

Key Russian Translations:

• экран [ˈɛkran] - [Formal, Commonly used in technology and media contexts]
• сито [ˈsʲitə] - [Informal, Used for a sieve or filtering device]
• ширма [ˈʂɨrmə] - [Formal, Refers to a protective screen or partition]

Frequency: High for 'экран' in everyday modern contexts like technology; Medium for 'сито' in domestic or industrial settings; Low for 'ширма' as it's more archaic or specialized.

Difficulty: B1 for 'экран' (Intermediate, as it involves basic noun declensions); A2 for 'сито' (Beginner, simple usage); B2 for 'ширма' (Upper-Intermediate, due to less common vocabulary and cultural nuances).

Pronunciation (Russian):

экран: [ˈɛkran]

сито: [ˈsʲitə]

ширма: [ˈʂɨrmə]

Note on экран: The stress is on the first syllable; be mindful of the soft 'р' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers. Variations may occur in regional dialects.

Note on сито: The 'с' is pronounced as a soft 's', and the 'т' is dental; no major variants.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A display screen (e.g., computer or TV screen)

Translation(s) & Context:

• экран - Used in technological or visual media contexts, such as computers or movies.

Usage Examples:

• Я смотрю видео на экране своего телефона.

  I am watching a video on my phone's screen.

• Экран компьютера слишком яркий для моих глаз.

  The computer screen is too bright for my eyes.

• В кинотеатре большой экран улучшает просмотр фильма.

  In the cinema, the large screen enhances the movie-watching experience.

• Экран смартфона треснул после падения.

  The smartphone screen cracked after the fall.

2. A sieve or filtering device

Translation(s) & Context:

• сито - Applied in cooking, construction, or any filtering scenario; informal and practical.

Usage Examples:

• Используйте сито, чтобы просеять муку для теста.

  Use the sieve to sift the flour for the dough.

• В лаборатории сито помогает отделить крупные частицы от мелких.

  In the lab, the sieve helps separate large particles from small ones.

• Это сито сделано из металла и очень прочное.

  This sieve is made of metal and is very durable.

• Не забудьте промыть сито после использования.

  Don't forget to rinse the sieve after use.

3. A protective partition or shield

Translation(s) & Context:

• ширма - Used in architectural or decorative contexts, often with historical connotations.

Usage Examples:

• В старом доме стояла деревянная ширма для разделения комнат.

  In the old house, there was a wooden screen to divide the rooms.

• Ширма защищает от сквозняков в зимние месяцы.

  The screen protects against drafts in the winter months.

• Художник использовал ширму как часть своей инсталляции.

  The artist used the screen as part of their installation.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations are nouns, which inflect based on case, number, and gender in Russian. 'Экран' is a masculine noun with regular declension patterns. 'Сито' is neuter and follows standard patterns, while 'Ширма' is feminine and has its own inflections.

Case	Singular (Экран, m.)	Plural (Экраны)	Singular (Сито, n.)	Singular (Ширма, f.)
Nominative	экран	экраны	сито	ширма
Genitive	экрана	экранов	ситa	ширмы
Dative	экрану	экранам	ситу	ширме
Accusative	экран	экраны	сито	ширму
Instrumental	экраном	экранами	ситом	ширмой
Prepositional	экране	экранах	сите	ширме

Note: These are regular inflections; no irregular forms for these words.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms for экран: монитор (monitor), дисплей (display) - 'Монитор' is more specific to computer screens, while 'Дисплей' is broader for visual outputs.
• Synonyms for сито: фильтр (filter), решето (sieve variant) - 'Решето' is a coarser type of sieve.
• Synonyms for ширма: перегородка (partition), занавес (curtain) - 'Перегородка' is more modern and functional.
• Antonyms: For экран: слепота (blindness, metaphorical); For сито: сплошной (solid, unfiltered); For ширма: открытость (openness).

Related Phrases:

• Экран заблокирован - This phrase means "Screen is locked," often used in device security contexts.
• Просеять через сито - Means "To sift through a sieve," referring to filtering in cooking or processing.
• Поставить ширму - Translates to "To set up a screen," implying creating a barrier or privacy divider.

Usage Notes:

'Экран' directly corresponds to the English 'screen' in tech contexts but may imply a larger display; choose it for formal writing. 'Сито' is ideal for literal filtering but avoid in metaphorical uses. When selecting among translations, consider context: urban/tech for 'экран', domestic for 'сито'. Always pay attention to gender and case agreements in sentences, as Russian requires this for grammatical accuracy.

• In formal settings, 'экран' pairs well with verbs like 'просматривать' (to view).
• Avoid confusing 'ширма' with 'экран' in modern tech discussions, as it has historical connotations.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse case endings, e.g., saying "на экран" instead of "на экране" in prepositional contexts (correct: "на экране компьютера" - "on the computer screen"). Another error is treating 'сито' as unchangeable, leading to phrases like "с сито" (wrong) instead of "с ситом" in instrumental case. Always check the noun's gender and required case for proper sentence structure.

Cultural Notes:

'Ширма' carries historical significance in Russian culture, often linked to 19th-century literature and decor, symbolizing privacy or deception in works by authors like Chekhov. It reflects traditional Russian interior design, where such screens were used in large estates to create intimate spaces, highlighting values of modesty and separation in social interactions.

Related Concepts:

• дисплей
• монитор
• фильтр
• перегородка