Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'scabrous'

English Word: scabrous

Key Russian Translations:

• скабрёзный [skɐˈbrʲoznɨj] - [Informal, Literary; used for indecent or vulgar content]
• непристойный [nʲɪprʲɪˈstojɪnɨj] - [Formal; often for morally objectionable or obscene material]
• шероховатый [ʂɨrɐˈxovətɨj] - [Neutral; specifically for physical roughness or texture]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in literary, artistic, or descriptive contexts, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, per CEFR; requires understanding of nuanced vocabulary and cultural connotations. For 'скабрёзный', it may be C1 due to its literary specificity; for 'шероховатый', it's B1 as it's more straightforward.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

скабрёзный: [skɐˈbrʲoznɨj]

Note on скабрёзный: The stress falls on the second syllable; be cautious with the 'рʲ' sound, which is a palatalized 'r' that can be challenging for non-native speakers. Variations in fast speech may soften the 'з' sound.

непристойный: [nʲɪprʲɪˈstojɪnɨj]

Note on непристойный: Stress on the third syllable; the initial 'нʲ' is palatalized, similar to the English 'ny' in "onion".

шероховатый: [ʂɨrɐˈxovətɨj]

Note on шероховатый: The 'ш' sound is a voiceless retroflex fricative; pronounce it like the 'sh' in "she", but with a slight roll.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Indecent, vulgar, or obscene (referring to content with moral or social impropriety)

Translation(s) & Context:

• скабрёзный - Used in literary or artistic contexts to describe works with explicit or taboo themes, such as in film criticism or book reviews.
• непристойный - Applied in formal settings, like legal or educational discussions, to denote something morally offensive.

Usage Examples:

• Эта книга полна скабрёзных описаний, которые могут шокировать читателя.

  This book is full of scabrous descriptions that may shock the reader.

• В фильме есть непристойные сцены, поэтому он не подходит для семейного просмотра.

  The film contains scabrous scenes, so it's not suitable for family viewing.

• Его юмор часто бывает скабрёзным, что отпугивает некоторых слушателей.

  His humor is often scabrous, which puts off some listeners.

• Не смотрите этот сериал, если вас беспокоят непристойные темы.

  Don't watch this series if scabrous themes bother you.

Rough or scabby in texture (referring to physical surfaces)

Translation(s) & Context:

• шероховатый - Used in everyday descriptions of objects, like surfaces in nature or materials.

Usage Examples:

• Кора дерева была шероховатой на ощупь, как старая кожа.

  The tree bark was scabrous to the touch, like old skin.

• Эта ткань шероховатая, поэтому лучше не использовать её для одежды.

  This fabric is scabrous, so it's better not to use it for clothing.

• Поверхность скалы шероховатая, что делает её идеальной для скалолазания.

  The rock surface is scabrous, making it ideal for rock climbing.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All listed translations are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. They follow standard adjective declension patterns, which are regular for most forms but can vary slightly.

These adjectives are regular and do not have irregular inflections. For 'скабрёзный', it remains unchanged in short form predicates (e.g., "он скабрёзен").

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • вульгарный (vulgar; more general and less literary than скабрёзный)
  • грубый (rough; overlaps with physical meaning but can imply crudeness in behavior)
• Antonyms:
  • приличный (decent; for the indecent meaning)
  • гладкий (smooth; for the physical roughness meaning)

Related Phrases:

• скабрёзный юмор - Scabrous humor; refers to edgy, often offensive comedy.
• непристойные выражения - Indecent expressions; used for vulgar language in conversations.
• шероховатая поверхность - Scabrous surface; common in descriptions of materials or textures.

Usage Notes:

'Scabrous' in English often carries a connotation of both physical roughness and moral indecency, but in Russian, the translations diverge: 'скабрёзный' is best for literary or artistic contexts involving taboo subjects, while 'непристойный' suits formal or ethical discussions. 'Шероховатый' is strictly for tactile descriptions. Choose based on context—avoid 'скабрёзный' in professional settings due to its strong implications. Grammatically, these adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which is a key Russian feature.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'скабрёзный' interchangeably with 'грубый' without considering nuance. Correct: 'Сkabrous' implies a specific vulgarity, e.g., "скабрёзный текст" (scabrous text). Error Example: "грубый текст" might just mean "rough text" physically. Explanation: This dilutes the moral connotation.
• Mistake: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "скабрёзный книга" instead of "скабрёзная книга" for a feminine noun. Correct: Always match gender and case. Error Example: "непристойный сцены" should be "непристойные сцены" for plural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'скабрёзный' are often linked to 19th-20th century literature (e.g., works by Dostoevsky or modern satire), where they critique societal norms. This reflects a historical emphasis on moral debates in art, contrasting with English usage which might be more casual.

Related Concepts:

• вульгарность
• грубость
• пристойность