Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'saline'

English Word: saline

Key Russian Translations:

• соляной раствор [sɐˈlʲonɨj rɐˈsvar] - [Formal, Medical context]
• физиологический раствор [fʲɪzʲɪɐlɐˈɡʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj rɐˈsvar] - [Formal, Scientific or medical terminology]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and scientific discussions, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (Requires basic understanding of Russian noun phrases and medical vocabulary; varies by translation)

Pronunciation (Russian):

соляной раствор: [sɐˈlʲonɨj rɐˈsvar]

Note on соляной раствор: The stress falls on the second syllable of "раствор" (rɐˈsvar). Be mindful of the soft 'л' sound in "соляной", which is common in Russian adjectives.

физиологический раствор: [fʲɪzʲɪɐlɐˈɡʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj rɐˈsvar]

Note on физиологический раствор: This is a longer compound word; practice the rapid consonant clusters, as Russian speakers often blend them smoothly.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Salt solution in medicine (e.g., a watery solution of salt used for hydration or cleaning)

Translation(s) & Context:

• соляной раствор - Used in formal medical contexts, such as hospitals or pharmaceuticals, to refer to a basic salt water solution.
• физиологический раствор - Applied in scientific or precise medical settings, implying a solution isotonic with body fluids.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи часто используют соляной раствор для инъекций пациентам в отделении интенсивной терапии.

  Doctors often use saline solution for injections in patients in the intensive care unit.

• Физиологический раствор необходим для поддержания баланса электролитов в организме во время операций.

  Saline solution is necessary for maintaining electrolyte balance in the body during surgeries.

• В аптеке можно купить готовый соляной раствор для промывания ран.

  You can buy ready-made saline solution at the pharmacy for cleaning wounds.

• Исследования показывают, что физиологический раствор эффективен для гидратации в экстренных ситуациях.

  Studies show that saline solution is effective for hydration in emergency situations.

• Медсестра приготовила соляной раствор, чтобы облегчить обезвоживание у ребенка.

  The nurse prepared saline solution to alleviate dehydration in the child.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"соляной раствор" and "физиологический раствор" are noun phrases. "Раствор" is a masculine noun that inflects based on case and number, while "соляной" and "физиологический" are adjectives that agree with the noun in gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow standard patterns, but "раствор" has irregular inflections in some cases.

For "физиологический раствор", the adjective "физиологический" follows the same agreement rules as above.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • изотонический раствор (Isotonic solution; used interchangeably in precise medical contexts)
  • солевый раствор (A more general synonym, less formal than соляной раствор)
• Antonyms:
  • дистиллированная вода (Distilled water; lacks salts, opposite in composition)

Related Phrases:

• Инфузия соляного раствора - Infusion of saline solution; used in IV treatments to restore fluids.
• Физиологический раствор для промывания - Saline solution for rinsing; common in eye or wound care.
• Подготовка соляного раствора - Preparation of saline solution; refers to mixing salts with water in labs.

Usage Notes:

The English word "saline" as a noun directly corresponds to "соляной раствор" in Russian for general salt solutions, but "физиологический раствор" is preferred in medical contexts for its implication of being body-compatible. Use "соляной раствор" in everyday or formal discussions, but opt for "физиологический раствор" in scientific writing to emphasize physiological properties. Be aware of grammatical agreement: adjectives must match the noun's case, number, and gender. In spoken Russian, these phrases are often shortened in casual dialogue.

Common Errors:

• English learners often mistake "соляной раствор" for just "соль" (salt), leading to incorrect usage like saying "Я пью соль" instead of "Я пью соляной раствор". Correct: Use the full phrase for solutions, as "соль" alone refers only to the solid substance.

• Confusing inflections, such as using "соляный раствор" in the genitive case incorrectly as "соляного раствора" without context, which might alter meaning. Explanation: Always ensure adjectives agree properly to avoid ambiguity in sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian medical culture, terms like "соляной раствор" are heavily influenced by Soviet-era healthcare practices, where saline solutions were a staple in field medicine due to their simplicity and effectiveness in resource-limited settings. This reflects a broader emphasis on practical, accessible treatments in Russian-speaking regions.

Related Concepts:

• Электролит
• Гидратация
• Инфузия