Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'safety'

English Word: safety

Key Russian Translations:

• безопасность [bʲɪzɐˈpasnəsʲtʲ] - [Formal, Common noun for general safety contexts]
• охрана [ɐˈxranə] - [Formal, Often used in security or protective contexts, such as occupational safety]

Frequency: Medium (The word is commonly encountered in everyday discussions about health, travel, and work safety, but not as ubiquitous as basic vocabulary.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; involves understanding feminine nouns and their inflections, which may challenge beginners but is manageable for intermediate learners. For 'безопасность', it's B1; for 'охрана', it's also B1 due to similar grammatical features.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

безопасность: [bʲɪzɐˈpasnəsʲtʲ]

Note on безопасность: The stress falls on the third syllable ('pas'), which is a common feature in Russian nouns. Be mindful of the soft sign (ʲ) indicating palatalization.

охрана: [ɐˈxranə]

Note on охрана: Pronounce the 'x' as a guttural sound, similar to the Scottish 'loch'. Stress is on the second syllable.

Audio: Play audio for безопасность | Play audio for охрана (Insert actual audio file paths or embed a player here.)

Meanings and Usage:

General Safety (Protection from harm or danger)

Translation(s) & Context:

• безопасность - Used in broad contexts like public safety, road safety, or personal security; formal and neutral.
• охрана - Applied in contexts involving guards, surveillance, or workplace safety measures; more specific to protection services.

Usage Examples:

• Водитель должен обеспечивать безопасность пассажиров во время поездки.

  The driver must ensure the safety of passengers during the trip. (Demonstrates use in transportation contexts.)

• На заводе внедряют новые меры охраны труда для повышения безопасности работников.

  At the factory, new occupational safety measures are being implemented to improve workers' safety. (Shows application in a professional setting.)

• Безопасность детей в интернете становится всё более важной темой для родителей.

  The safety of children on the internet is becoming an increasingly important topic for parents. (Illustrates use with abstract concepts.)

• Во время чрезвычайных ситуаций приоритет отдаётся охране гражданской безопасности.

  In emergency situations, priority is given to the protection of civil safety. (Highlights formal or governmental usage.)

• Путешественники всегда должны проверять безопасность отеля перед бронированием.

  Travelers should always check the safety of a hotel before booking. (Example in everyday decision-making.)

Safety as a State or Condition

Translation(s) & Context:

• безопасность - Refers to a secure state, e.g., in health or environmental contexts; versatile and widely used.

Usage Examples:

• Эта зона объявлена зоной повышенной безопасности из-за недавних инцидентов.

  This area has been declared a high-safety zone due to recent incidents. (Emphasizes a designated secure area.)

• Безопасность продукта гарантируется сертификатом качества.

  The safety of the product is guaranteed by a quality certificate. (Context in consumer goods.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'безопасность' and 'охрана' are feminine nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard feminine declension patterns. 'Безопасность' is a third-declension noun, while 'охрана' is first-declension. Below is a table for their key inflections:

Note: These nouns do not have plural forms in most contexts, as 'safety' is often treated as an uncountable concept in Russian. For plural scenarios (e.g., multiple safety measures), other words like 'меры безопасности' might be used.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • защищенность (zashchishchennost') - Emphasizes protection, often in emotional or physical security contexts.
  • надёжность (nadezhnost') - Implies reliability and safety, especially in mechanical or systemic contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • опасность (opasnost') - Direct opposite, meaning danger or risk.
  • риск (risk) - Borrowed word, used for hazard in modern contexts.

Related Phrases:

• Меры безопасности (Measures of safety) - Refers to precautions taken to ensure protection, e.g., in public spaces.
• Обеспечение безопасности (Ensuring safety) - Common in official or professional language, like in security protocols.
• Пожарная безопасность (Fire safety) - Specific to fire prevention and response.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'безопасность' directly corresponds to the English 'safety' in most general contexts, but it's often used in formal or technical settings. Choose 'охрана' when emphasizing active protection, such as security guards or surveillance. Be aware of grammatical gender (feminine) and always decline the noun according to its case in a sentence. For example, in prepositional phrases, use the prepositional case like 'в безопасности' (in safety). Multiple translations allow flexibility based on context: use 'безопасность' for abstract safety and 'охрана' for tangible security measures.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'безопасность' interchangeably with 'охрана' without considering context. Incorrect: "Охрана пассажиров" when meaning general safety. Correct: "Безопасность пассажиров" for overall protection. Explanation: 'Охрана' implies active guarding, while 'безопасность' is about the state of being safe.
• Mistake: Forgetting to decline the noun in sentences. Incorrect: "Для безопасность" (wrong case). Correct: "Для безопасности" (genitive case). Explanation: Russian requires nouns to agree in case with prepositions and verbs.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts of safety are heavily influenced by historical events like the Soviet era's emphasis on industrial and military security. Words like 'безопасность' often appear in public campaigns, reflecting a societal focus on collective safety over individual risk-taking, especially in urban environments.

Related Concepts:

• защита (protection)
• здоровье (health)
• риск (risk)