Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'reparation'

English Word: reparation

Key Russian Translations:

• возмещение [vɐzmʲeˈɕːenʲɪje] - [Formal, Legal context]
• ремонт [rʲɪˈmont] - [Informal, Everyday usage]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in legal, historical, and practical contexts, but not in daily casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 for 'возмещение' (intermediate level, requires understanding of legal terminology); A2 for 'ремонт' (beginner level, basic vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

возмещение: [vɐzmʲeˈɕːenʲɪje]

Note on возмещение: The stress is on the third syllable; the 'щ' sound can be challenging for English speakers as it's a soft, palatalized fricative. Practice with native speakers for accuracy.

ремонт: [rʲɪˈmont]

Note on ремонт: The initial 'р' is rolled; this word is straightforward but pay attention to the vowel shifts in inflected forms.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Compensation or amends for a wrong, loss, or damage (e.g., war reparations)

Translation(s) & Context:

• возмещение - Used in formal, legal, or historical contexts, such as international agreements or financial settlements.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство потребовало возмещения ущерба от виновной стороны.

  The government demanded reparation for the damage from the guilty party.

• Война закончилась, но вопрос возмещения ресурсов остаётся открытым.

  The war ended, but the issue of resource reparations remains open.

• Компании обязали выплатить возмещение пострадавшим работникам.

  The company was obligated to pay reparations to the affected employees.

• Международный суд обсудит возмещение за экологический вред.

  The international court will discuss reparations for environmental damage.

Meaning 2: The act of repairing or fixing something (e.g., physical restoration)

Translation(s) & Context:

• ремонт - Used in everyday, practical contexts, such as home maintenance or mechanical work.

Usage Examples:

• После аварии потребовался срочный ремонт автомобиля.

  After the accident, urgent reparation of the car was needed.

• Ремонт старого дома занял несколько месяцев и стоил дорого.

  The reparation of the old house took several months and was expensive.

• Мастер предложил план ремонта для восстановления мебели.

  The craftsman proposed a reparation plan to restore the furniture.

• В городе начали ремонт дорог после зимних повреждений.

  In the city, they started reparation of the roads after winter damage.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'возмещение' (a neuter noun, 2nd declension), it follows standard Russian noun inflections. It is regular but requires attention to cases:

For 'ремонт' (a masculine noun, 2nd declension), it is also regular:

Both words do not have irregular forms, making them straightforward for learners once basic declensions are mastered.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms for возмещение: компенсация (exact equivalent, often interchangeable in legal contexts), реституция (more formal, implying restoration)
• Synonyms for ремонт: починка (informal, for minor fixes), восстановление (for more comprehensive repairs)
• Antonyms for возмещение: ущерб (damage, opposite in legal sense)
• Antonyms for ремонт: разрушение (destruction, opposite action)

Related Phrases:

• Военная компенсация - A phrase for 'war reparations', used in historical or diplomatic discussions.
• Срочный ремонт - Meaning 'emergency reparation', common in maintenance scenarios like vehicle fixes.
• Возмещение убытков - Refers to 'compensation for losses', often in business or insurance contexts.
• Капитальный ремонт - Implies 'major reparation', such as overhauling a building or machine.

Usage Notes:

'Возмещение' directly corresponds to the legal or compensatory sense of 'reparation' and is preferred in formal writing, while 'ремонт' aligns with physical repair. Be mindful of context: in Russian, 'возмещение' often requires genitive case for the object (e.g., возмещение ущерба). For English learners, choose 'возмещение' in official documents and 'ремонт' in everyday talk. Synonyms like 'компенсация' can be used interchangeably but may carry slight nuances in legal precision.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'возмещение' in casual repair contexts, e.g., saying "Я сделал возмещение машины" instead of "Я сделал ремонт машины".
  Correct: "ремонт" for physical fixes; explanation: 'Возмещение' implies financial compensation, not mechanical work, leading to confusion in meaning.
• Error: Forgetting case inflections, e.g., using nominative 'возмещение' in all contexts.
  Correct: Adjust to genitive like 'возмещения' in phrases such as "требование возмещения"; explanation: Russian nouns change based on role in the sentence, which English speakers often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'возмещение' often evokes historical contexts like World War II reparations from Germany to the Soviet Union, symbolizing justice and recovery. This term carries emotional weight in discussions of national history, emphasizing the importance of accountability in post-conflict scenarios.

Related Concepts:

• компенсация
• восстановление
• ущерб
• реституция