Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'removal'

English Word: removal

Key Russian Translations:

• удаление (/ʊdɐˈlʲenʲje/) - [Formal, Noun, Used in general, medical, or technical contexts]
• вынос (/vɨˈnos/) - [Informal, Noun, Specifically for physical removal or carrying out]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday language, especially in technical or medical discussions, but not as frequent as basic verbs like "to remove").

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and context-specific usage. For 'удаление', it's B1; for 'вынос', it's A2 due to simpler forms.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

удаление: /ʊdɐˈlʲenʲje/ (The stress is on the third syllable; note the palatalized 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.)

Note on удаление: The 'л' is softly palatalized, similar to the 'l' in "million" in English, and the ending '-ение' often softens in fast speech. Variations may occur in dialects.

вынос: /vɨˈnos/ (Stress on the second syllable; the 'ы' sound is a back vowel, distinct from English 'i'.)

Note on вынос: This word has a more straightforward pronunciation, but ensure the 'ы' is not confused with 'и', which could alter meaning.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The act of taking away or eliminating something (e.g., in medical, computing, or general contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• удаление - Used in formal or technical settings, such as surgery or data deletion, to denote the process of removal.
• вынос - Applied in everyday contexts for physical removal, like carrying out trash, with a more casual tone.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи провели удаление опухоли без осложнений. (The doctors performed the removal of the tumor without complications.)

  English Translation: The doctors performed the removal of the tumor without complications.

• После удаления файла с компьютера, данные восстановить невозможно. (After the removal of the file from the computer, the data cannot be recovered.)

  English Translation: After the removal of the file from the computer, the data cannot be recovered.

• Вынос мусора из квартиры должен происходить ежедневно. (The removal of trash from the apartment should happen daily.)

  English Translation: The removal of trash from the apartment should happen daily.

• Удаление старой мебели освободит место в комнате. (The removal of old furniture will free up space in the room.)

  English Translation: The removal of old furniture will free up space in the room.

Meaning 2: Dismissal or eviction (e.g., from a job or property)

Translation(s) & Context:

• удаление - Less common in this context; used metaphorically for formal dismissal, such as in official documents.

Usage Examples:

• Удаление сотрудника из компании было вызвано нарушениями правил. (The removal of the employee from the company was due to rule violations.)

  English Translation: The removal of the employee from the company was due to rule violations.

• Суд приказал немедленное удаление жильцов из здания. (The court ordered the immediate removal of tenants from the building.)

  English Translation: The court ordered the immediate removal of tenants from the building.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'удаление' and 'вынос' are neuter nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard second-declension patterns. 'Удаление' is a noun derived from the verb 'удалить' (to remove), and it inflects based on case and number. 'Вынос' is similar but often used in more concrete contexts.

Note: These nouns do not have irregular inflections, making them relatively straightforward for learners, but pay attention to the soft endings in certain cases.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • изъятие (/ɪzʲˈjatʲje/) - More formal, often used in legal contexts; implies seizure or extraction.
  • ликвидация (/lʲɪkvʲɪˈdaʦɨjə/) - Specifically for elimination or liquidation, with a connotation of destruction.
• Antonyms:
  • добавление (/dɐˈblʲenʲje/) - Addition or inclusion.
  • вставка (/fstaˈfka/) - Insertion or placement.

Related Phrases:

• удаление зуба - (Removal of a tooth; a common phrase in dental contexts.)
• вынос мусора - (Taking out the trash; everyday household expression.)
• хирургическое удаление - (Surgical removal; used in medical settings for precision.)

Usage Notes:

'Удаление' directly corresponds to 'removal' in formal English contexts like medicine or technology, but it's more precise in Russian grammar. Use it in written or professional speech; for casual talk, 'вынос' might be better for physical actions. Be mindful of case agreements in sentences, as Russian requires nouns to match verbs and prepositions. When choosing between translations, opt for 'удаление' if the context involves abstraction, and 'вынос' for tangible items.

Common Errors:

• English learners often confuse 'удаление' with 'удалить' (the verb form), leading to incorrect verb-noun usage. Error: "Я удаление файл" (incorrect; should be "Я удалил файл" for "I removed the file"). Correct: Use the noun properly in context, e.g., "Процесс удаления был простым."
• Mixing cases: Forgetting to decline 'удаление' in genitive, e.g., saying "без удаление" instead of "без удаления". Explanation: Always check the required case based on the preposition or verb.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, phrases like 'удаление' in medical contexts often reflect a stoic attitude toward procedures, influenced by historical healthcare practices in the Soviet era, where efficiency was prioritized over comfort. This can add a layer of resilience in everyday language use.

Related Concepts:

• устранение (/ʊstɐˈlʲenʲje/)
• элиминация (/ɛlʲɪmʲɪˈnaʦɨjə/)
• очистка (/ɐˈʂɨstka/)