Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'relapse'

English Word: relapse

Key Russian Translations:

• рецидив [rɪˈtsidiv] - [Formal, Medical context]
• возврат болезни [vɐzˈvrɑt bɐlʲeznʲi] - [Informal, Everyday language]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical and health discussions but not in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of medical terminology and noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

рецидив: [rɪˈtsidiv]

возврат болезни: [vɐzˈvrɑt bɐlʲeznʲi]

Note on рецидив: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the 'ц' sound, which is a voiceless alveolar affricate.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The return of a disease or illness after a period of improvement

Translation(s) & Context:

• рецидив - Used in formal medical reports or discussions about chronic conditions.
• возврат болезни - Applied in everyday conversations, especially when describing personal health experiences.

Usage Examples:

• После выздоровления у пациента произошёл рецидив заболевания.

  After recovery, the patient experienced a relapse of the illness.

• Врач предупредил о возможном возврате болезни, если не следовать рекомендациям.

  The doctor warned about the possible relapse of the illness if the recommendations are not followed.

• Рецидив рака шокировал всю семью.

  The relapse of cancer shocked the entire family.

• Она боялась возврата болезни, поэтому строго соблюдала диету.

  She feared a relapse of the illness, so she strictly followed the diet.

• В ходе лечения рецидив был предотвращён благодаря своевременной терапии.

  During treatment, the relapse was prevented thanks to timely therapy.

Meaning 2: A return to a previous bad habit or behavior (e.g., in addiction contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• рецидив - Common in psychological or addiction recovery contexts, emphasizing recurrence.
• возврат к старым привычкам - Used informally to describe slipping back into old ways.

Usage Examples:

• После нескольких месяцев трезвости у него случился рецидив.

  After several months of sobriety, he had a relapse.

• Возврат к старым привычкам может быть опасным для выздоравливающих.

  A relapse into old habits can be dangerous for those in recovery.

• Рецидив в употреблении наркотиков часто приводит к госпитализации.

  A relapse in drug use often leads to hospitalization.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For the noun 'рецидив' ( masculine, 3rd declension), it follows standard Russian noun patterns with regular declensions:

For 'возврат болезни', 'возврат' is a masculine noun with similar regular declensions, while 'болезни' is a genitive form of 'болезнь' (feminine noun).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • рецидив - Similar to 'обострение' (exacerbation), but more specific to recurrence.
  • возврат - Synonymous with 'повторение' (repetition) in non-medical contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • выздоровление (recovery)
  • устойчивость (sustainability, in the context of health)

Related Phrases:

• рецидив заболевания - A relapse of the illness; used in medical diagnostics.
• возврат к норме - Return to normal; implies recovery without relapse.
• предотвратить рецидив - To prevent a relapse; common in treatment plans.

Usage Notes:

'Рецидив' is the most precise translation for 'relapse' in medical contexts and should be used in formal settings, while 'возврат болезни' is more flexible for everyday conversations. Note that Russian nouns like 'рецидив' must agree in case, number, and gender with other words in the sentence. For example, choose 'возврат' when emphasizing a general return rather than a specific medical event. In addiction contexts, 'рецидив' carries a neutral connotation but implies a setback.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'рецидив' without proper declension, e.g., saying "рецидивов болезнь" instead of "рецидив болезни".
  Correct: Ensure genitive case as in "рецидив болезни". Explanation: Russian requires nouns to decline based on case; this mistake can make the sentence grammatically incorrect.
• Error: Confusing 'рецидив' with 'рецидивист' (a recidivist, meaning a repeat offender).
  Correct: Use 'рецидив' for illness relapse. Explanation: 'Рецидивист' refers to criminal behavior, not health, so context is key to avoid mix-ups.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussing health relapses like 'рецидив' is often tied to personal resilience and the importance of preventive care, influenced by historical healthcare challenges. For instance, in literature and media, relapses are portrayed as battles in one's life story, emphasizing communal support in recovery.

Related Concepts:

• обострение
• выздоровление
• профилактика