Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'regnant'

English Word: regnant

Key Russian Translations:

• правящий [ˈpravʲɪjʂɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• господствующий [ɡəspɐdʲˈstvʊjuʂɨj] - [Formal, Adjective, Used in contexts of dominance or prevalence]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in historical, political, or formal texts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjective forms and contextual usage; for 'правящий', it's straightforward, but 'господствующий' may vary slightly in nuance)

Pronunciation (Russian):

правящий: [ˈpravʲɪjʂɨj]

господствующий: [ɡəspɐdʲˈstvʊjuʂɨj]

Note on правящий: The stress is on the first syllable, and the 'щ' sound can be challenging for English speakers as it's a voiceless palatal fricative; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Note on господствующий: This word has a rolling 'r' and a soft 'дʲ', which might require attention to Russian-specific phonetics.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Reigning or ruling (as in a monarch or dominant force)

Translation(s) & Context:

• правящий - Used in formal or historical contexts to describe someone in power, such as a king.
• господствующий - Applied in contexts of dominance, like in ideological or cultural prevalence.

Usage Examples:

• Правящий монарх всегда должен учитывать интересы народа. (The reigning monarch must always consider the interests of the people.)

  English Translation: The reigning monarch must always consider the interests of the people.

• В то время господствующий стиль искусства был реализм. (At that time, the dominant style of art was realism.)

  English Translation: At that time, the dominant style of art was realism.

• Правящий класс часто игнорирует нужды низших слоев общества. (The ruling class often ignores the needs of the lower classes.)

  English Translation: The ruling class often ignores the needs of the lower classes.

• Господствующий ветер изменил направление, что повлияло на погоду. (The prevailing wind changed direction, affecting the weather.)

  English Translation: The prevailing wind changed direction, affecting the weather.

• Под правящим режимом страна пережила период стабильности. (Under the reigning regime, the country experienced a period of stability.)

  English Translation: Under the reigning regime, the country experienced a period of stability.

Meaning 2: Prevalent or widespread (as in an idea or trend)

Translation(s) & Context:

• господствующий - Common in discussions of cultural or social trends.
• правящий - Less common here, but can be used metaphorically for dominant ideas.

Usage Examples:

• Господствующий взгляд на историю в России часто подчеркивает национальную гордость. (The prevalent view of history in Russia often emphasizes national pride.)

  English Translation: The prevalent view of history in Russia often emphasizes national pride.

• Правящий тренд в моде — это минимализм. (The prevailing trend in fashion is minimalism.)

  English Translation: The prevailing trend in fashion is minimalism.

• В господствующей культуре ценится коллективный труд. (In the dominant culture, collective work is valued.)

  English Translation: In the dominant culture, collective work is valued.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'правящий' and 'господствующий' are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow a standard pattern for most cases, but they can be irregular in certain forms. Below is a table for 'правящий' as an example:

For 'господствующий', the inflections are similar but may vary slightly in spelling: e.g., Nominative Singular Masculine: господствующий; Feminine: господствующая. These adjectives are regular but require attention to soft consonants.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • властвующий (vlastvuyushchiy) - Similar to 'господствующий', often used for ruling or controlling.
  • доминирующий (dominiruyushchiy) - More modern, borrowed term for dominant.
• Antonyms:
  • покорный (pokornyy) - Submissive or yielding.
  • слабый (slabyy) - Weak, the opposite of dominant.

Related Phrases:

• Правящий класс (pravjashchiy klass) - The ruling class; refers to the elite in power.
• Господствующий тренд (gospodstvuyushchiy trend) - The prevailing trend; used in discussions of fashion or culture.
• Под правящим влиянием (pod pravjashchim vliyaniyem) - Under reigning influence; indicates dominance in a specific context.

Usage Notes:

'Regnant' corresponds closely to 'правящий' in formal contexts like history or politics, but 'господствующий' is better for ideas of prevalence. In Russian, these adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify, which is a key grammatical difference from English. Use 'правящий' in historical narratives and 'господствующий' for abstract concepts; avoid in informal speech as they sound elevated.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'правящий' without proper case agreement, e.g., saying "правящий король" in genitive context instead of "правящего короля". Correct: Ensure the adjective matches the noun's case. Explanation: Russian requires full agreement, unlike English adjectives.

• Error: Confusing 'правящий' and 'господствующий' as exact synonyms; learners might overuse one. Correct: Choose based on context—'правящий' for literal ruling, 'господствующий' for dominance. Explanation: This can lead to imprecise meaning in formal writing.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'правящий' often evoke historical contexts, such as the tsars in Imperial Russia, symbolizing autocratic rule. This reflects Russia's monarchical past, where the 'правящий' monarch held absolute power, influencing modern perceptions of leadership and authority.

Related Concepts:

• монархия (monarkhiya)
• власть (vlast')
• доминирование (dominirovaniye)