Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'questionnaire'

English Word: questionnaire

Key Russian Translations:

• Анкета /ɐnˈkʲe.tə/ - [Formal, Singular, Used in official or survey contexts]
• Опросник /ɐˈprosnʲik/ - [Informal, Plural possible, Used in psychological or research settings]

Frequency: Medium (Commonly encountered in everyday administrative and professional contexts, but not as ubiquitous as basic vocabulary).

Difficulty: A2 (Elementary level; suitable for beginners with basic Russian grammar knowledge, as it involves simple noun forms. For 'Опросник', it may reach B1 due to its contextual usage.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Анкета: /ɐnˈkʲe.tə/ (Stress on the second syllable; the 'кʲ' is a palatalized 'k', which can be challenging for English speakers.)

Note on Анкета: The palatalization in 'кʲ' softens the sound, similar to 'ky' in 'cute', but ensure to roll the 'r' if present in variations. Avoid over-emphasizing the final 'a'.

Опросник: /ɐˈprosnʲik/ (Stress on the second syllable; 'снʲ' is palatalized, making it sound like 'sn' in 'vision'.)

Note on Опросник: This word has a diminutive feel and may vary slightly in fast speech; practice the 'р' trill for authenticity.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A structured form or document with questions for gathering information, data, or opinions.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Анкета - Used in formal settings like surveys, job applications, or official forms; common in bureaucratic contexts.
• Опросник - Applied in informal or specialized contexts, such as market research or psychological assessments; implies a more interactive tool.

Usage Examples:

• Я заполнил анкету для опроса о здоровье. (I filled out the questionnaire for the health survey.)

  English: I filled out the questionnaire for the health survey.

• Эта анкета включает вопросы о ваших привычках. (This questionnaire includes questions about your habits.)

  English: This questionnaire includes questions about your habits. (Demonstrates use in personal data collection.)

• Опросник был разослан всем участникам исследования. (The questionnaire was distributed to all research participants.)

  English: The questionnaire was distributed to all research participants. (Shows plural or group context.)

• В анкете нужно ответить на 20 вопросов. (In the questionnaire, you need to answer 20 questions.)

  English: In the questionnaire, you need to answer 20 questions. (Illustrates imperative structure.)

• Он разработал опросник для маркетингового анализа. (He developed the questionnaire for marketing analysis.)

  English: He developed the questionnaire for marketing analysis. (Highlights professional application.)

Meaning 2: A set of questions used in interviews or assessments, often implying a more dynamic interaction.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Опросник - Preferred in educational or therapeutic contexts; emphasizes ongoing dialogue.
• Анкета - Can extend to this meaning but is less common; used when the form is static.

Usage Examples:

• Психолог использовал опросник для оценки настроения. (The psychologist used the questionnaire to assess mood.)

  English: The psychologist used the questionnaire to assess mood.

• Анкета на собеседовании была простой и прямой. (The questionnaire in the interview was simple and straightforward.)

  English: The questionnaire in the interview was simple and straightforward. (Shows formal interview context.)

• Заполните опросник, чтобы помочь нам улучшить услугу. (Fill out the questionnaire to help us improve the service.)

  English: Fill out the questionnaire to help us improve the service. (Encourages user participation.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'Анкета' and 'Опросник' are feminine nouns in Russian, following standard declension patterns for first-declension nouns. They exhibit regular inflections based on case, number, and gender. Below is a table for 'Анкета' as an example; 'Опросник' follows similar patterns but may vary slightly due to its structure.

For 'Опросник': It is also a feminine noun with regular inflections, e.g., Nominative Singular: Опросник, Genitive Plural: Опросников. No irregular forms; it remains unchanged in most contexts unless modified by adjectives.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Опрос (A shorter form, often used for quick surveys; less formal than 'Анкета').
  • Форма (General term for a form; implies structure but not always questions).
• Antonyms:
  • Ответ (Answer; contrasts as the output rather than the input tool).
  • Интервью (Interview; more interactive and less structured).

Related Phrases:

• Заполнить анкету (To fill out a questionnaire) - Means completing a form for data collection.
• Разработать опросник (To develop a questionnaire) - Refers to creating questions for research purposes.
• Анкета для регистрации (Registration questionnaire) - A common phrase for sign-up forms, often used online.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'Анкета' directly corresponds to a formal 'questionnaire' in English, especially in administrative contexts, while 'Опросник' is better for dynamic or psychological tools. Always consider the context: use 'Анкета' for static documents and 'Опросник' for interactive ones. Grammatically, these nouns require agreement in gender, number, and case with accompanying words. For English learners, choose 'Анкета' in everyday scenarios to avoid overcomplication, as it has fewer inflectional variations in casual speech.

Common Errors:

• Confusing gender: English speakers might treat 'Анкета' as masculine, leading to errors like saying "Анкета большой" instead of "Анкета большая" (correct: The questionnaire is big). Correct usage: Ensure adjectives agree with the feminine gender.

• Overusing inflections: Beginners often add unnecessary endings, e.g., saying "Я видел анкету" as "Я видел анкетa" (error in accusative), when it should be "Я видел анкету". Explanation: Always check the case based on sentence structure for accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'Анкета' is commonly associated with Soviet-era bureaucracy, where detailed questionnaires were used for everything from job applications to residence permits. This can carry a connotation of formality and thoroughness, reflecting historical emphasis on documentation in Russian society.

Related Concepts:

• Опрос
• Интервью
• Форма