Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'prone'

English Word: prone

Key Russian Translations:

• склонный [ˈsklonːɨj] - [Formal, Adjective, Used in general descriptions of tendencies or susceptibilities]

Frequency: Medium (Common in written and spoken Russian, especially in educational, medical, and everyday contexts)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate level; requires understanding of adjectives and basic inflections, per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

склонный: [ˈsklonːɨj]

Note on склонный: The stress is on the first syllable; the "о" in the second syllable softens to [o] in some dialects, but standard pronunciation maintains [ɔ]. Pay attention to the palatalized "л" sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Susceptible or inclined to something, e.g., prone to errors

Translation(s) & Context:

• склонный - Used in formal or neutral contexts to describe a person's or object's natural tendency, e.g., in psychology or everyday descriptions.

Usage Examples:

• Он склонен к ошибкам в спешке. (He is prone to errors when in a hurry.)

  English Translation: He is prone to errors when in a hurry.

• Эта порода собак склонна к аллергиям. (This breed of dogs is prone to allergies.)

  English Translation: This breed of dogs is prone to allergies.

• Дети часто склонны к фантазиям. (Children are often prone to fantasies.)

  English Translation: Children are often prone to fantasies.

• В старшем возрасте люди склонны к хроническим заболеваниям. (In old age, people are prone to chronic illnesses.)

  English Translation: In old age, people are prone to chronic illnesses.

Meaning 2: Lying flat, face down (less common for 'prone')

Translation(s) & Context:

• лежащий ничком - Used in physical or medical contexts, e.g., describing positions in sports or therapy.

Usage Examples:

• Пациент лежит ничком для массажа. (The patient is lying prone for the massage.)

  English Translation: The patient is lying prone for the massage.

• В йоге позу лежа ничком называют "поза кобры". (In yoga, the prone position is called the "cobra pose".)

  English Translation: In yoga, the prone position is called the "cobra pose".

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Склонный is an adjective and follows standard Russian adjective inflections. It changes based on gender, number, and case. Below is a table for its basic forms:

For лежащий ничком, it is a phrase rather than a single inflected word, so it remains relatively unchanged but can be modified based on context (e.g., лежащего ничком in genitive).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: предрасположенный (predraspolozhennyy) - Similar but often used in medical contexts; склоняющийся (sklonjajushchijsya) - Implies a more active inclination.
• Antonyms: устойчивый (ustoichivyy) - Means resistant or stable; не подверженный (ne podverzhennyy) - Means not susceptible.

Related Phrases:

• Склонный к риску - Prone to risk; often used in financial or adventurous contexts.
• Быть склонным к депрессии - To be prone to depression; common in psychological discussions.
• Положение лежа ничком - Prone position; used in fitness or medical phrases.

Usage Notes:

"Склонный" directly corresponds to the English "prone" in meaning susceptible, but it's more formal in Russian and often pairs with "к" (to) as in "склонный к чему-то". Use it in neutral or formal settings; in informal speech, Russians might opt for simpler phrases like "часто делает ошибки". For the physical meaning, "лежащий ничком" is preferred over single-word translations. When choosing between translations, select based on context: "склонный" for abstract tendencies and "лежащий ничком" for literal positions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "склонный" without the preposition "к", e.g., saying "Он склонный ошибки" instead of "Он склонный к ошибкам".
  Correct: Он склонный к ошибкам. Explanation: In Russian, "склонный" typically requires "к" to indicate what one is prone to, mirroring English prepositions.
• Error: Confusing with "склон" (slope), leading to misuse like "Он склон ошибки".
  Correct: Он склонный к ошибкам. Explanation: "Склон" is a noun meaning incline, so ensure the adjective form is used for "prone".

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, expressions like "склонный к..." are common in literature and proverbs, reflecting a philosophical view on human nature. For instance, Russian authors like Tolstoy often describe characters as "склонные к меланхолии" (prone to melancholy), highlighting the cultural emphasis on introspection and emotional depth.

Related Concepts:

• предрасположенность (predraspolozhennost')
• риск (risk)
• позы (poses, in physical contexts)