Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'porcine'

English Word: porcine

Key Russian Translations:

• свиной [svʲɪˈnoj] - [Adjective, Formal/Informal]
• поросячий [pɐˈrosʲət͡ɕɪj] - [Adjective, Informal, Used in contexts involving young pigs]

Frequency: Medium (Common in culinary, veterinary, or descriptive contexts, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; requires understanding of Russian adjective inflections; for 'поросячий', also B1 due to less common usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

свиной: [svʲɪˈnoj]

поросячий: [pɐˈrosʲət͡ɕɪj]

Note on свиной: The stress is on the second syllable; the 'й' sound is a soft palatal approximant, which can be tricky for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly in rapid speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Relating to or resembling a pig, often used to describe characteristics, meat, or animal traits.

Translation(s) & Context:

• свиной - Used in formal or everyday contexts for describing pork products, animal features, or metaphors (e.g., in biology or cooking).
• поросячий - Applied in informal or specific contexts involving young pigs, such as in folklore or veterinary discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Это мясо свиной, и оно очень вкусное.

  This meat is porcine, and it's very tasty. (Context: Describing pork in a recipe, showing adjective agreement with gender.)

• У него свиной нос, как у персонажа из сказки.

  He has a porcine nose, like a character from a fairy tale. (Context: Metaphorical use in literature, demonstrating nominative case.)

• Поросячий визг эхом разнёсся по ферме.

  The porcine squeal echoed across the farm. (Context: Describing sounds of young pigs, in a narrative or animal-related scenario.)

• В ресторане подают свиной стейк с овощами.

  The restaurant serves porcine steak with vegetables. (Context: Culinary setting, illustrating genitive case in a phrase.)

• Её поросячий характер проявляется в её упрямстве.

  Her porcine nature shows in her stubbornness. (Context: Figurative language in psychology or personality description, highlighting informal usage.)

Meaning 2: In a broader sense, evoking pig-like qualities in a derogatory or humorous way (e.g., greed or filth).

Translation(s) & Context:

• свиной - Used metaphorically in informal speech, but avoid in formal contexts to prevent offense.

Usage Examples:

• Его свиной аппетит удивил всех на вечеринке.

  His porcine appetite surprised everyone at the party. (Context: Humorous or critical description of excessive eating.)

• Не будь таким свиным в поведении.

  Don't be so porcine in your behavior. (Context: Informal advice, showing imperative form.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'свиной' and 'поросячий' are adjectives, which inflect for gender, number, and case in Russian. Adjectives agree with the nouns they modify. 'Свиной' follows standard first-declension patterns, while 'поросячий' is similar but less common.

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular forms, making them straightforward once basic patterns are learned.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • поросячий (more specific to young pigs; often used in rural or folk contexts)
  • хряковый (less common, technical term for boar-related)
• Antonyms:
  • не свиной (not porcine; a direct negation)
  • овощной (vegetable-related, as an opposite in dietary contexts)

Related Phrases:

• свиной окорок - Ham (a common meat product; used in cooking and shopping contexts).
• свиной жир - Lard (refers to pig fat; often in recipes or traditional medicine).
• поросячий визг - Piglet squeal (idiomatic for loud, high-pitched sounds; used metaphorically in storytelling).

Usage Notes:

'Свиной' directly corresponds to 'porcine' in English, especially for animal or product descriptions, but it's more commonly used in practical contexts like food or biology. Choose 'поросячий' for nuances involving young pigs to avoid sounding overly formal. Be cautious with metaphorical uses, as they can carry negative connotations in Russian culture. Always ensure adjective agreement with the noun's gender, number, and case for grammatical accuracy.

• In formal writing, pair with specific nouns like 'мясо' (meat) for clarity.
• When selecting between translations, use 'свиной' for general purposes and 'поросячий' for specialized or informal scenarios.

Common Errors:

English learners often forget to inflect adjectives correctly. For example, incorrectly saying "свиной мясо" instead of "свиное мясо" (if 'мясо' is neuter). Error: "Я ем свиной стейк." (Wrong: Doesn't agree with gender.) Correct: "Я ем свиной стейк" is actually correct if implying masculine, but for precision: "Я ем свиное мясо." Explanation: Adjectives must match the noun's case; practice with tables to avoid this.

• Error: Using 'свиной' in plural without changing to 'свиные'. Correct: 'Свиные продукты' for 'porcine products'.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'свиной' are tied to traditional cuisine, such as in dishes from Slavic folklore where pork symbolizes abundance. However, it can also evoke negative stereotypes (e.g., greed, as in fairy tales), so use cautiously in social contexts to avoid offense, reflecting broader Eastern European attitudes toward animals in proverbs and idioms.

Related Concepts:

• коровый (bovine)
• овчий (ovine)
• птичий (poultry-related)