Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'plasticity'

English Word: plasticity

Key Russian Translations:

• пластичность [plɐˈstʲitɕnəsʲtʲ] - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Commonly used in scientific, technical, and academic contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with Russian scientific terminology and noun declensions.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

пластичность: [plɐˈstʲitɕnəsʲtʲ]

Note on пластичность: The stress falls on the third syllable. Be mindful of the palatalized 'т' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Variations in pronunciation may occur in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. The quality of being easily shaped or molded (e.g., in materials science).

Translation(s) & Context:

• пластичность - Used in formal scientific or engineering contexts to describe the property of materials that can undergo permanent deformation without breaking.

Usage Examples:

• В материале наблюдается высокая пластичность, что позволяет ему деформироваться без разрушения.

  In the material, high plasticity is observed, which allows it to deform without breaking.

• Пластичность металлов изучается для улучшения конструкций зданий.

  The plasticity of metals is studied to improve building structures.

• Из-за своей пластичности, этот полимер идеален для изготовления гибких изделий.

  Due to its plasticity, this polymer is ideal for manufacturing flexible items.

• В эксперименте мы тестируем пластичность сплава при высоких температурах.

  In the experiment, we are testing the plasticity of the alloy at high temperatures.

2. Adaptability or flexibility (e.g., in psychology or neuroscience).

Translation(s) & Context:

• пластичность - Applied in metaphorical or biological contexts, such as neural plasticity, to indicate the brain's ability to adapt.

Usage Examples:

• Нейронная пластичность позволяет мозгу адаптироваться к новым условиям обучения.

  Neural plasticity allows the brain to adapt to new learning conditions.

• Пластичность личности помогает людям преодолевать жизненные трудности.

  The plasticity of personality helps people overcome life's challenges.

• В психологии пластичность рассматривается как ключевой фактор развития.

  In psychology, plasticity is considered a key factor in development.

• Благодаря пластичности, ребенок быстро осваивает новые навыки.

  Thanks to plasticity, the child quickly masters new skills.

• Исследования показывают, что пластичность мозга сохраняется на протяжении всей жизни.

  Studies show that brain plasticity persists throughout life.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

пластичность is a feminine noun (feminine singular) in Russian, belonging to the third declension. It follows regular patterns for most Russian nouns but has specific changes based on case and number. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • гибкость (gibkost') - Flexibility; often used interchangeably in non-scientific contexts, but implies more bending than shaping.
  • адаптивность (adaptivnost') - Adaptability; emphasizes change in response to environment, particularly in psychological contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • жесткость (zhestkost') - Rigidity; refers to lack of flexibility in materials or behavior.
  • неподвижность (nepodvizhnost') - Immobility; used for complete lack of adaptability.

Related Phrases:

• нейронная пластичность - Neural plasticity; refers to the brain's ability to reorganize itself, often discussed in cognitive science contexts.
• высокая пластичность материалов - High plasticity of materials; a common phrase in engineering to describe ductile properties.
• пластичность в развитии - Plasticity in development; used in psychology to discuss adaptive growth in children.

Usage Notes:

пластичность directly corresponds to the English "plasticity" in scientific and technical fields, but English speakers should note that it is primarily used in formal or academic Russian. In everyday language, more general terms like гибкость might be preferred for "flexibility." Always consider the context: in materials science, it refers to physical properties, while in psychology, it denotes adaptability. Grammatically, as a feminine noun, it must agree in gender, number, and case with accompanying adjectives or verbs. When choosing between translations, use пластичность for precise scientific accuracy and гибкость for broader, everyday adaptability.

Common Errors:

• Confusing case endings: English learners often use the nominative form "пластичность" in all contexts, e.g., saying "о пластичность" instead of the correct genitive "о пластичности" (about plasticity). Correct usage: Always decline the noun based on its role in the sentence, as shown in the inflections table above.

• Overgeneralizing translations: Mistakenly using "пластичность" for any form of flexibility, leading to phrases like "пластичность характера" when "гибкость характера" is more idiomatic. Error example: "Его пластичность в работе" (incorrect for personality traits); Correct: "Его гибкость в работе" or specify with "пластичность" only in scientific contexts.

• Pronunciation slips: Forgetting palatalization, pronouncing it as [plastichnost] instead of [plɐˈstʲitɕnəsʲtʲ], which can make it sound unnatural. Practice with native audio to avoid this.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian scientific and educational contexts, "пластичность" is heavily influenced by Soviet-era research in physics and psychology, particularly in studies of material durability and human resilience. It often carries connotations of innovation and adaptability, reflecting Russia's emphasis on engineering feats like space exploration, where material plasticity played a key role.

Related Concepts:

• адаптация (adaptatsiya)
• деформация (deformatsiya)
• нейронные сети (neyronnye seti)