Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'plasma'

English Word: plasma

Key Russian Translations:

• плазма [ˈplazma] - [Formal, Scientific]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, medical, and technical discussions, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with scientific terminology and basic Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

плазма: [ˈplazma]

Note on плазма: The stress is on the first syllable. Russian pronunciation may vary slightly by region, but [ˈplazma] is standard. Pay attention to the soft 'з' sound, which is similar to the 'z' in 'zoo'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A state of matter consisting of ionized gas (e.g., in physics or astrophysics)

Translation(s) & Context:

• плазма - Used in formal scientific contexts, such as discussing plasma in stars or fusion reactors.

Usage Examples:

• В Солнечной короне наблюдается плазма с температурой миллионов градусов.

  In the Sun's corona, plasma with temperatures of millions of degrees is observed.

• Учёные изучают плазму для разработки новых источников энергии.

  Scientists are studying plasma to develop new energy sources.

• Плазменные процессы играют ключевую роль в термоядерном синтезе.

  Plasma processes play a key role in thermonuclear fusion.

• В лабораторных условиях плазма может быть создана с помощью электрических разрядов.

  In laboratory conditions, plasma can be created using electric discharges.

Meaning 2: The liquid part of blood (e.g., in medical or biological contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• плазма - Used in medical and biological discussions, often referring to blood plasma in transfusions or diagnostics.

Usage Examples:

• Кровь состоит из эритроцитов, лейкоцитов и плазмы.

  Blood consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and plasma.

• Плазма крови используется в переливаниях для лечения шока.

  Blood plasma is used in transfusions to treat shock.

• Донация плазмы помогает в производстве лекарств от гемофилии.

  Donating plasma helps in producing medications for hemophilia.

• В плазме содержатся важные белки, такие как альбумин.

  Plasma contains important proteins, such as albumin.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Плазма" is a feminine noun in Russian (3rd declension). It follows standard feminine noun patterns with regular inflections. Below is a table outlining its key forms:

Note: The word is invariant in terms of gender and does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • плазменная среда (plasma medium; used in scientific contexts to emphasize the environment)
  • кровяная плазма (blood plasma; more specific for medical use, highlighting the blood aspect)
• Antonyms:
  • твердое вещество (solid matter; contrasts with plasma as a state of matter)

Related Phrases:

• Плазменный экран - A plasma screen (refers to older TV technology; commonly used in tech discussions).
• Плазменная терапия - Plasma therapy (a medical treatment involving blood plasma; often in immunology contexts).
• Ионизированная плазма - Ionized plasma (emphasizes the scientific state; used in physics).

Usage Notes:

The Russian word "плазма" directly corresponds to the English "plasma" in both scientific and medical contexts, but it's more commonly used in formal or technical settings. English speakers should note that Russian requires correct declension based on case (e.g., use "плазму" in accusative for direct objects). When choosing between translations, opt for "плазма" universally, but specify context if needed (e.g., "кровяная плазма" for blood-related topics). Be mindful of the word's feminine gender, which affects adjective agreements, such as "горячая плазма" (hot plasma).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "плазма" without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я изучаю плазма" instead of "Я изучаю плазму" (accusative case).

  Correct: "Я изучаю плазму." Explanation: In Russian, the accusative case is required after verbs of motion or study, so always adjust the ending based on the sentence structure.

• Error: Confusing "плазма" with "plasma" in everyday speech, leading to misuse in non-technical contexts (e.g., treating it as a casual term).

  Correct: Reserve "плазма" for scientific or medical discussions; in informal settings, explain the concept rather than using the word directly. Explanation: Russian speakers might not understand it outside professional contexts, unlike in English.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and science, "плазма" is prominently featured in discussions of space exploration and medical advancements, reflecting Russia's historical contributions to physics (e.g., through scientists like Andrei Sakharov). It carries a connotation of modernity and innovation, often symbolizing cutting-edge technology in popular media.

Related Concepts:

• ионизация (ionization)
• кровь (blood)
• термоядерный синтез (thermonuclear fusion)