Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'perigee'

English Word: perigee

Key Russian Translations:

• перигей [ˈpʲerʲɪɡʲej] - [Technical term, used in formal astronomical contexts]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in specialized scientific and astronomical discussions, not in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Advanced (Corresponds to CEFR C1 level, as it involves technical vocabulary and requires knowledge of astronomy; suitable for learners with a strong background in both language and science.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

перигей: [ˈpʲerʲɪɡʲej]

Note on перигей: The stress is on the first syllable. The soft sign (ʲ) indicates palatalization, which is a common feature in Russian; be careful with the 'r' sound, which is rolled. Variations may occur in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The point in the orbit of a celestial body, especially the moon, that is nearest to the earth.

Translation(s) & Context:

• перигей - Used in formal astronomical, scientific, or educational contexts when discussing orbital mechanics or space science.

Usage Examples:

• Луна достигает перигея примерно раз в месяц, что приводит к более высоким приливам.

  The Moon reaches perigee approximately once a month, which leads to higher tides.

• В астрономии перигей — это ближайшая точка орбиты планеты к её центральному телу.

  In astronomy, perigee is the closest point in a planet's orbit to its central body.

• Спутник проходит перигей на скорости около 10 км/с, что делает его траекторию сложной для расчётов.

  The satellite passes perigee at a speed of about 10 km/s, making its trajectory complex for calculations.

• Изучение перигея помогает понять гравитационные эффекты в космосе.

  Studying perigee helps understand gravitational effects in space.

• Во время перигея искусственный спутник может передавать данные с наибольшей точностью.

  During perigee, an artificial satellite can transmit data with the greatest accuracy.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Перигей is a masculine noun of the third declension in Russian. It follows standard noun inflection patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: The plural forms are less commonly used, as "perigee" typically refers to a singular event in orbits. There are no irregular inflections for this word.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: нет прямых синонимов (no direct synonyms; however, related terms include "ближайшая точка" for descriptive purposes).
• Antonyms: апогей (apogee) - Refers to the farthest point in an orbit.

Related Phrases:

• точка перигея - Point of perigee; used in orbital calculations to describe the exact location.
• прохождение перигея - Passing of perigee; refers to the event when a body reaches this point, often in scientific reports.
• перигей орбиты - Perigee of the orbit; a common phrase in astronomy to specify the orbital characteristic.

Usage Notes:

Перигей directly corresponds to the English "perigee" in astronomical contexts, making it a precise translation for scientific discussions. It is exclusively used in formal or technical settings, such as academic papers, lectures, or space agency communications. When choosing this term, ensure the context involves orbits around Earth, as it is specific to geocentric orbits. Grammatically, it requires appropriate case agreement with prepositions (e.g., "в перигее" for "at perigee"). For learners, note that Russian scientific vocabulary often borrows from Greek roots, similar to English, which can aid memorization.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "перигей" with "апогей": English learners might mix up the two terms. Incorrect: "Апогей — это ближайшая точка орбиты" (Apogee is the closest point of the orbit). Correct: "Перигей — это ближайшая точка орбиты" (Perigee is the closest point of the orbit). Explanation: "Апогей" means the farthest point, so always double-check the orbital position.
• Improper inflection: For example, using the nominative form in all cases, like "до перигей" instead of "до перигея". Correct: "До перигея спутник ускоряется" (Before perigee, the satellite accelerates). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case with their governing words; always apply the correct declension based on context.

Cultural Notes:

As a term rooted in astronomy, "перигей" does not carry significant cultural connotations in Russian culture beyond its scientific usage. However, it reflects Russia's historical emphasis on space exploration, such as through programs like Sputnik and contributions to the International Space Station, where such terms are frequently discussed in educational and media contexts.

Related Concepts:

• апогей
• орбита
• гравитация
• космос