Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'patch'

English Word: patch

Key Russian Translations:

• заплатка [zəˈplatkə] - [Informal, used for a piece of fabric or material]
• патч [patʃ] - [Formal, borrowed term, often in technical contexts like software]
• латка [ˈlatkə] - [Informal, used for a quick or makeshift repair]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday contexts like repairs, but less frequent in formal or digital settings)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate for most translations; "патч" might be A2 for tech-savvy learners, while "заплатка" could be B2 due to inflection patterns)

Pronunciation (Russian):

заплатка: [zəˈplatkə]

патч: [patʃ] (Note on патч: This is a loanword from English, pronounced similarly with a soft 'ch' sound as in "church"; it may vary slightly in regional accents)

латка: [ˈlatkə] (Note on латка: Stress on the first syllable; the 'a' sound is open, like in "father")

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A piece of material used to mend or cover a hole (e.g., in clothing)

Translation(s) & Context:

• заплатка - Used in informal, everyday situations, such as describing home repairs or DIY projects.
• латка - Applied in casual contexts for temporary fixes, often implying something quick and imperfect.

Usage Examples:

• Я пришила заплатку на дырявую рубашку.

  I sewed a patch on the torn shirt.

• Эта старая куртка нуждается в новой заплатке.

  This old jacket needs a new patch.

• Латка на джинсах держится уже несколько лет.

  The patch on the jeans has held up for several years.

• Мама всегда использует заплатку, чтобы починить мою одежду.

  Mom always uses a patch to fix my clothes.

• В деревне люди часто делают латку из подручных материалов.

  In the village, people often make a patch from whatever materials are at hand.

Meaning 2: A software update or fix (e.g., in computing)

Translation(s) & Context:

• патч - Used in formal, technical, or digital contexts, such as IT and programming.

Usage Examples:

• Я скачал последний патч для игры, чтобы исправить ошибки.

  I downloaded the latest patch for the game to fix the bugs.

• Этот патч обновляет систему безопасности.

  This patch updates the security system.

• Разработчики выпустили патч для устранения уязвимостей.

  The developers released a patch to eliminate vulnerabilities.

• Патч для программы можно найти на официальном сайте.

  The patch for the program can be found on the official website.

• После установки патча приложение работает быстрее.

  After installing the patch, the application runs faster.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "заплатка" (feminine noun, 1st declension):

For "патч" (indeclinable noun, often treated as masculine):

This word does not inflect and remains "патч" in all cases, which is common for loanwords.

For "латка" (feminine noun, similar to "заплатка"):

It follows standard feminine declension patterns, but is less variable in everyday use.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • заплатка: ремонт (rem repair, but more general)
  • патч: обновление (update, in tech contexts; implies a broader fix)
  • латка: заплата (another term for a quick fix; slight overlap with заплатка)
• Antonyms:
  • Для "заплатка": разрыв (tear, as it represents the opposite of repair)
  • Для "патч": ошибка (error, as it counters the concept of fixing)

Related Phrases:

• Зашивать заплатку - To sew on a patch; used in contexts of clothing repair.
• Установить патч - To install a patch; common in software maintenance.
• Сделать латку на ходу - To make a patch on the fly; implies improvisation in repairs.

Usage Notes:

• The English word "patch" corresponds most directly to "заплатка" in physical repair contexts, but in digital scenarios, "патч" is a direct borrowing and is preferred for accuracy.
• Be mindful of formality: "Заплатка" and "латка" are informal and conversational, while "патч" suits professional or technical writing.
• Grammar note: As feminine nouns, "заплатка" and "латка" require agreement in gender, number, and case with adjectives and verbs (e.g., "большая заплатка" for "big patch").
• When choosing between translations, opt for "патч" in tech contexts to avoid confusion, as other terms might imply physical repairs.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "заплатка" in a software context, e.g., saying "Я применил заплатку к программе" instead of "Я применил патч к программе".
  Correct: "Патч" is the appropriate term for digital fixes, as "заплатка" evokes physical mending. Explanation: This mix-up can confuse native speakers, who associate "заплатка" with fabric.
• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., saying "заплатка" in the genitive as "заплатка" instead of "заплатки".
  Correct: Use "заплатки" for genitive singular. Explanation: English learners often overlook Russian case endings, leading to grammatical errors in sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "заплатка" evoke a sense of resourcefulness and frugality, often linked to historical contexts like Soviet-era shortages where people frequently repaired clothing rather than buying new items. This reflects a broader cultural value of practicality and sustainability in everyday life.

Related Concepts:

• ремонт (repair)
• обновление (update)
• уязвимость (vulnerability, especially in tech contexts)