Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'parathyroid'

English Word: parathyroid

Key Russian Translations:

• паратиреоидная железа [pərətʲɪrʲɪˈɔjd(ʲ)əjə ʐʲɪˈlʲezə] - [Formal, Medical Terminology]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and primarily used in medical or scientific contexts, not everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1/C2) (Requires knowledge of anatomy and Russian medical vocabulary; suitable for learners with a strong background in science.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

паратиреоидная железа: [pərətʲɪrʲɪˈɔjd(ʲ)əjə ʐʲɪˈlʲezə]

Note on паратиреоидная железа: The stress falls on the third syllable of "паратиреоидная" (ɪˈɔjd(ʲ)əjə), which can be challenging for English speakers due to the palatalized consonants and vowel reductions common in Russian. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A small gland near the thyroid that regulates calcium levels in the body.

Translation(s) & Context:

• паратиреоидная железа - Used in formal medical discussions, such as in anatomy textbooks or clinical settings, to describe the parathyroid gland's role in hormone production.

Usage Examples:

• В организме человека паратиреоидная железа регулирует уровень кальция в крови.

  In the human body, the parathyroid gland regulates calcium levels in the blood.

• Паратиреоидная железа часто находится рядом со щитовидной железой и может быть повреждена во время операций.

  The parathyroid gland is often located near the thyroid gland and can be damaged during surgeries.

• Функции паратиреоидной железы включают секрецию паратгормона для поддержания костной ткани.

  The functions of the parathyroid gland include secreting parathyroid hormone to maintain bone tissue.

• В эндокринологии паратиреоидная железа изучается для лечения гипопаратиреоза.

  In endocrinology, the parathyroid gland is studied for treating hypoparathyroidism.

• Паратиреоидная железа у млекопитающих эволюционировала для адаптации к разным диетам.

  The parathyroid gland in mammals has evolved to adapt to various diets.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Паратиреоидная железа" is a noun phrase where "железа" (gland) is a feminine noun in the nominative singular form. It follows standard Russian declension patterns for feminine nouns ending in -а. "Паратиреоидная" is an adjective that agrees with "железа" in gender, number, and case.

Note: The adjective "паратиреоидная" changes accordingly to match the noun's case, making this a regular inflection pattern.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: паращитовидная железа (less common variant, used interchangeably in some medical texts; implies a similar anatomical position)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as this is a specific anatomical term without natural opposites.

Related Phrases:

• Функции паратиреоидной железы - Functions of the parathyroid gland (Refers to the gland's role in calcium regulation.)
• Паратгормон паратиреоидной железы - Parathyroid hormone of the parathyroid gland (Discusses the hormone secreted by the gland.)
• Заболевания паратиреоидной железы - Diseases of the parathyroid gland (Used in medical contexts for disorders like hyperparathyroidism.)

Usage Notes:

This term directly corresponds to the English "parathyroid gland" and is used exclusively in formal, scientific, or medical contexts in Russian. It is not part of everyday language, so learners should reserve it for professional discussions. When translating, ensure the adjective agrees with the noun in case, number, and gender. If multiple translations exist (e.g., regional variants), choose "паратиреоидная железа" for standard Russian. Be cautious with word order in sentences, as Russian often places the adjective before the noun.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing it with "щитовидная железа" (thyroid gland) and using the wrong term in medical descriptions. Incorrect: "Пациент имеет проблемы с паратиреоидной железой" when referring to thyroid issues. Correct: Use "щитовидная железа" for thyroid-related problems. Explanation: These glands are anatomically close, leading to mix-ups, but they have distinct functions.

• Error: Forgetting case agreement, e.g., saying "функции паратиреоидная железа" instead of "функции паратиреоидной железы" in genitive contexts. Correct: Always adjust the adjective to match the noun's case. Explanation: Russian requires strict grammatical agreement, which English speakers might overlook.

Cultural Notes:

The term "паратиреоидная железа" reflects the influence of Western medical science on Russian terminology, derived from Greek roots similar to the English word. In Russian culture, discussions around such terms are common in healthcare education, emphasizing the importance of anatomy in fields like medicine, which has a rich history in Russia dating back to the 19th century with figures like Ivan Pavlov.

Related Concepts:

• щитовидная железа (thyroid gland)
• эндокринная система (endocrine system)
• паратгормон (parathyroid hormone)