Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'open'

English Word: open

Key Russian Translations:

• открыть [ɐtˈkrɨtʲ] - [Verb, Imperative, Used in commands or actions to make something accessible]
• открытый [ɐtˈkrɨtɨj] - [Adjective, Describes something that is not closed or is accessible]
• распахнуть [rɐˈspaxnʊtʲ] - [Verb, Informal, Used for opening something widely, like a door]

Frequency: High (Common in everyday Russian, especially in contexts like doors, events, or ideas)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; verb forms require understanding of Russian conjugation, while adjectives are easier)

Pronunciation (Russian):

открыть: [ɐtˈkrɨtʲ]

открытый: [ɐtˈkrɨtɨj]

распахнуть: [rɐˈspaxnʊtʲ]

Note on открытый: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the soft sign (й) which affects pronunciation in spoken Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To make something accessible or not closed (Verb form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• открыть - Used in everyday contexts for physically opening objects, like doors or containers.
• распахнуть - Informal context, implying a sudden or wide opening, often in dramatic situations.

Usage Examples:

• Пожалуйста, откройте окно. (Pozhaluysta, otkroyte okno.)

  Please, open the window. (This example shows the verb in a polite request, imperative form.)

• Он распахнул дверь и вошел в комнату. (On rasparkhnul dver' i voshel v komnatu.)

  He flung the door open and entered the room. (Illustrates informal, emphatic usage in narrative contexts.)

• Когда вы откроете магазин? (Kogda vy otkroyete magazin?)

  When will you open the store? (Demonstrates future tense in business or daily life scenarios.)

• Она открыла книгу на первой странице. (Ona otkryla knigu na pervoy stranitse.)

  She opened the book to the first page. (Shows literal usage with objects.)

Meaning 2: Not closed or accessible (Adjective form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• открытый - Used for describing spaces, events, or ideas that are available or public.

Usage Examples:

• Открытый урок в школе был очень интересным. (Otkrytyy uroki v shkole byl ochen' interesnym.)

  The open lesson at school was very interesting. (This highlights educational contexts where 'open' means public or inclusive.)

• Этот парк открыт круглосуточно. (Etot park otkryt kruglosutochno.)

  This park is open 24/7. (Common in describing facilities or schedules.)

• Открытый конкурс для всех желающих. (Otkrytyy konkurs dlya vsekh zhelayushchikh.)

  An open competition for anyone interested. (Used in formal or public announcements.)

• Ее открытый характер привлекает друзей. (Yeyo otkrytyy kharakter privlekayet druzey.)

  Her open personality attracts friends. (Abstract usage in personal descriptions.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For the verb 'открыть' (otkryt'), it is a first conjugation verb with regular inflections. Below is a table of its key forms:

For the adjective 'открытый' (otkrytyy), it follows standard adjectival declension patterns based on gender, number, and case. It is invariable in some predicative uses but changes in agreement with nouns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • распахнуть (for wide opening; more emphatic than открыть)
  • от perkнуть (a less common variant, used in specific regional dialects)
• Antonyms:
  • закрыть (zakryt') - To close
  • закрытый (zakrytyy) - Closed

Related Phrases:

• Открыть дверь - To open the door; Common in daily interactions.
• Открытый доступ - Open access; Used in contexts like libraries or online resources.
• Распахнуть объятия - To open one's arms; Figurative for welcoming someone warmly.

Usage Notes:

The English word 'open' often translates to 'открыть' as a verb, but choose based on context: use 'распахнуть' for more dramatic actions. For adjectives, 'открытый' aligns with 'open' in meanings related to accessibility or public status. Be mindful of Russian's grammatical gender and case agreements, which affect how these words are used in sentences. In formal writing, prefer 'открыть' over informal variants.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'открыть' without proper conjugation, e.g., saying "Я открыть дверь" instead of "Я открою дверь".

  Correct: "Я открою дверь" (I will open the door). Explanation: Russian verbs must agree with subject in person and tense.

• Error: Confusing with 'от perkнуть', which is not standard; learners might overuse it.

  Correct: Stick to 'открыть' for accuracy. Explanation: Regional variants can confuse beginners, so use widely accepted forms.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, phrases like 'распахнуть объятия' symbolize warmth and hospitality, often seen in literature and everyday greetings, reflecting the value placed on openness in social interactions.

Related Concepts:

• закрыть (to close)
• доступный (accessible)
• публичный (public)