Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'obesity'

English Word: obesity

Key Russian Translations:

• ожирение (IPA: ɐʐɨˈrʲenʲje) - [Formal, Medical term; used in health and scientific contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in medical, health, and public discussions, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical vocabulary and basic Russian grammar, as per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ожирение: ɐʐɨˈrʲenʲje

Note on ожирение: The stress falls on the third syllable ("rʲenʲje"), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to the rolled 'r' and soft 'zh' sound. Pronunciation may vary slightly in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The state of being excessively overweight, often due to fat accumulation, leading to health risks

Translation(s) & Context:

• ожирение - Used in formal medical or health-related discussions, such as in doctor's appointments or public health campaigns.

Usage Examples:

• В современном мире ожирение становится всё более распространённой проблемой здоровья.

  In the modern world, obesity is becoming an increasingly common health problem.

• Ожирение может привести к сердечным заболеваниям, если не контролировать питание.

  Obesity can lead to heart diseases if diet is not controlled.

• Врачи рекомендуют регулярные упражнения для предотвращения ожирения у детей.

  Doctors recommend regular exercises to prevent obesity in children.

• Глобальная пандемия ожирения требует комплексных мер на государственном уровне.

  The global pandemic of obesity requires comprehensive measures at the state level.

• Ожирение часто связано с генетическими факторами, но lifestyle играет ключевую роль.

  Obesity is often linked to genetic factors, but lifestyle plays a key role.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Ожирение" is a neuter noun in Russian, belonging to the second declension. It follows regular patterns for most cases but has no plural form in standard usage as it refers to a general condition. Below is a table of its declensions:

Note: This noun does not inflect for plural in medical contexts, as it describes a state rather than countable items.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • полнота (IPA: ˈpolnətə) - Refers to general overweight or fullness, often less clinical than ожирение.
  • избыточный вес (IPA: ɪzˈbɨtɕnɨj vʲes) - Literally "excess weight," used in everyday contexts with a milder connotation.
• Antonyms:
  • худоба (IPA: ˈxudəbə) - Thinness or slimness, often implying underweight.
  • стройность (IPA: ˈstrojnəstʲ) - Slenderness or fitness, with a positive connotation in beauty and health contexts.

Related Phrases:

• борьба с ожирением - Fight against obesity; used in public health campaigns to discuss prevention strategies.
• риск ожирения - Risk of obesity; common in medical advice regarding lifestyle choices.
• лечение ожирения - Treatment of obesity; refers to therapeutic approaches like diet and exercise.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "ожирение" directly corresponds to the English "obesity" and is primarily used in formal or medical settings. It is a neutral term without strong emotional connotations, unlike some English equivalents that might carry stigma. When choosing between synonyms like "полнота," opt for "ожирение" in professional contexts for precision. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences, as it affects adjectives and verbs. For example, always pair it with neuter forms.

• Avoid using it in casual conversations; instead, use "избыточный вес" for everyday discussions.
• In writing, it's common in health articles, but ensure context specifies if it's epidemic or individual cases.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse "ожирение" with "полнота" and use them interchangeably, but "ожирение" implies a medical condition, while "полнота" is more about general body shape. For example:

• Error: Saying "Я имею полноту" (meaning "I have obesity") – This sounds awkward because "полнота" doesn't convey the medical severity.
• Correct: "У меня ожирение" – This accurately reflects the condition. Explanation: Use "ожирение" for clinical diagnoses to maintain precision and avoid downplaying health risks.
• Another common mistake is incorrect declension, e.g., using nominative in all cases: "борьба с ожирение" (wrong) instead of "борьба с ожирением" (correct in genitive case).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions around "ожирение" have gained prominence due to increasing urbanization and changing diets, influenced by global trends. Historically, during the Soviet era, physical labor and communal lifestyles reduced its prevalence, but today, it's linked to modern issues like fast food consumption. This term often appears in public health initiatives, reflecting a societal shift towards awareness of Western-style health problems.

Related Concepts:

• диета (diet)
• спорт (sports or exercise)
• метаболизм (metabolism)