Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'mutually'

English Word: mutually

Key Russian Translations:

• взаимно [vzajmno] - [Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in formal contexts like agreements, relationships, and discussions, but not as frequent in everyday casual speech).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adverbial forms and contextual usage in Russian sentences, as per CEFR standards).

Pronunciation (Russian):

взаимно: [vzajmno]

Note on взаимно: The stress falls on the second syllable ("zaj"), and the "v" is pronounced as a voiced labiodental fricative. Be cautious with the "й" sound, which is a palatal approximant.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: In a mutual manner; reciprocally, indicating shared or two-way action.

Translation(s) & Context:

• взаимно - Used in formal or professional contexts to describe reciprocal relationships, agreements, or feelings, such as in business or interpersonal dynamics.

Usage Examples:

• Мы уважаем друг друга взаимно в наших рабочих отношениях.

  We respect each other mutually in our working relationships.

• Это соглашение взаимно выгодно для обеих сторон.

  This agreement is mutually beneficial for both parties.

• Взаимно, мы решили отложить встречу до следующей недели.

  Mutually, we decided to postpone the meeting until next week.

• Взаимно, наши интересы совпадают в этом проекте.

  Our interests mutually align in this project.

• Друзья поддерживают друг друга взаимно в трудные времена.

  Friends support each other mutually in difficult times.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

взаимно is an adverb in Russian and does not undergo typical inflections like nouns, adjectives, or verbs. Adverbs in Russian generally remain unchanged across cases, numbers, or genders. However, it can be modified by other words for emphasis or context, such as in phrases like "полностью взаимно" (completely mutually).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: обоюдно (used similarly but often implies a more symmetrical exchange); взаимный (as an adjective form, but less direct as an adverb).
• Antonyms: односторонне (one-sided, indicating a lack of reciprocity).

Related Phrases:

• взаимное уважение - Mutual respect (a common phrase emphasizing reciprocal admiration in social or professional settings).
• взаимная выгода - Mutual benefit (often used in business contexts to describe balanced advantages).
• взаимно согласиться - To mutually agree (a fixed expression for consensual decisions).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "взаимно" directly corresponds to "mutually" in English as an adverb, but it is typically used in formal or written contexts rather than casual conversation. Always ensure the context implies reciprocity; for example, it pairs well with verbs like "уважать" (to respect) or "выгодно" (beneficial). When choosing between synonyms like "обоюдно," opt for "взаимно" in more neutral or everyday formal scenarios. Grammatically, it remains invariant, making it straightforward for English learners, but pay attention to word order in sentences for natural flow.

Common Errors:

One common mistake is confusing "взаимно" with "взаимный," which is an adjective (e.g., using "взаимно" where an adjective is needed, like saying "взаимно уважение" instead of "взаимное уважение"). Correct usage: The adjective form is "взаимный," so the phrase should be "взаимное уважение." Another error is overusing it in informal speech; for example, English learners might say "Мы друзья взаимно" (incorrectly implying mutual friendship in a stilted way), when a more natural expression is "Мы друзья" with context implying reciprocity.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of "взаимно" often underscores the importance of reciprocity in relationships and agreements, reflecting values of collectivism and mutual obligation. For instance, in social interactions, expressing mutual respect (взаимное уважение) is a key aspect of maintaining harmony, especially in professional or familial settings, which aligns with traditional Russian emphasis on community over individualism.

Related Concepts:

• сотрудничество (cooperation)
• взаимодействие (interaction)
• обмен (exchange)