Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'muggy'

English Word: muggy

Key Russian Translations:

• душный [ˈduʂnɨj] - [Informal, commonly used in everyday weather descriptions]
• влажный и жаркий [ˈvlaʐnɨj ɪ ˈʐarkʲɪj] - [Formal, literal description, often in meteorological contexts]

Frequency: Medium (This term is moderately common in Russian conversations about weather, especially in regions with humid climates like European Russia.)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B1-B2 on CEFR scale; involves basic adjective usage, but understanding nuances requires familiarity with weather vocabulary. For 'душный', it's B1; for 'влажный и жаркий', it's B2 due to compound descriptions.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

душный: [ˈduʂnɨj]

влажный и жаркий: [ˈvlaʐnɨj ɪ ˈʐarkʲɪj]

Note on душный: The 'ш' sound is a voiceless postalveolar fricative, similar to 'sh' in English 'shoe', but ensure the stress on the first syllable for natural pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Describing hot and humid weather conditions

Translation(s) & Context:

• душный - Used in casual, everyday conversations to describe uncomfortable, sticky heat, such as during summer in cities.
• влажный и жаркий - Employed in more formal or technical contexts, like weather reports, to emphasize both humidity and heat.

Usage Examples:

• Сегодня в Москве особенно душно из-за высокой влажности.

  Today in Moscow it's especially muggy due to high humidity.

• Летом в южных регионах погода часто бывает влажной и жаркой, что делает прогулки утомительными.

  In the summer, the weather in southern regions is often muggy, making walks exhausting.

• После дождя воздух стал душным, и всем захотелось включить кондиционер.

  After the rain, the air became muggy, and everyone wanted to turn on the air conditioner.

• Влажный и жаркий климат тропиков может быть опасным для здоровья без надлежащей гидратации.

  The muggy climate of the tropics can be dangerous for health without proper hydration.

• Душный вечер не помешал нам наслаждаться пикником, но мы быстро утомились.

  The muggy evening didn't stop us from enjoying the picnic, but we got tired quickly.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Душный' is an adjective and follows standard Russian adjective inflections for gender, number, and case. 'Влажный и жаркий' is a phrase where 'влажный' and 'жаркий' are also adjectives with similar inflections.

For 'душный', here is a basic inflection table:

Note: 'Влажный' and 'жаркий' follow the same inflection patterns as 'душный'. These adjectives are regular, so they change predictably based on the noun they modify.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: жаркий (hot, with a focus on heat), влажный (humid, emphasizing moisture alone)
• Antonyms: прохладный (cool, often used for refreshing weather), сухой (dry, contrasting with humidity)

Note: 'Жаркий' is similar to 'душный' but less focused on stickiness, making it a subtle alternative in casual speech.

Related Phrases:

• Душная погода - Refers to muggy weather conditions, often implying discomfort.
• Влажный и жаркий день - Describes a muggy day, commonly used in forecasts.
• Душный климат - Means a muggy climate, as in tropical regions.

Usage Notes:

'Душный' directly corresponds to 'muggy' in English by capturing both heat and humidity, making it ideal for informal contexts. However, in formal writing, 'влажный и жаркий' might be preferred for precision. Be mindful of gender agreement when using these adjectives with nouns (e.g., 'душная комната' for a muggy room). In Russian, weather discussions often include these terms during summer, so they're versatile in daily conversations. When choosing between translations, opt for 'душный' in spoken language and 'влажный и жаркий' in technical or written contexts.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'душный' incorrectly with animate nouns without proper case agreement, e.g., saying 'Я чувствую душный' instead of 'Я чувствую душное' for neuter contexts.

  Correct: 'Я чувствую душное тепло' (I feel the muggy warmth). Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify.

• Error: Confusing 'душный' with 'дурной' (bad or wicked), which sounds similar but means something entirely different.

  Correct: Use 'душный' only for weather; for example, say 'душный день' not 'дурной день' if you mean muggy. Explanation: Mispronunciation can lead to misunderstandings, so practice the 'ш' sound.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussing weather like 'душный' conditions is a common icebreaker in conversations, especially in urban areas where summers can be oppressively humid. This reflects the broader Russian emphasis on seasonal changes and their impact on daily life, often tied to literature like Chekhov's descriptions of stifling summers.

Related Concepts:

• жаркая погода
• влажность
• прохлада