Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'mobility'

English Word: mobility

Key Russian Translations:

• мобильность [mɐˈbʲilʲnəsʲtʲ] - [Formal, Technical]
• подвижность [pɐdˈvʲiʒnəsʲtʲ] - [Formal, Physical or Biological Contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in modern discussions on technology, society, and health, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of abstract concepts and nominal forms in Russian)

Pronunciation (Russian):

мобильность: [mɐˈbʲilʲnəsʲtʲ]

подвижность: [pɐdˈvʲiʒnəsʲtʲ]

Note on мобильность: The stress is on the third syllable; be mindful of the soft sign (ь) which affects pronunciation, making it more palatalized.

Note on подвижность: Pronunciation can vary slightly in fast speech, with the 'ж' sound softening.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. The ability to move freely or easily (e.g., physical or social mobility)

Translation(s) & Context:

• мобильность - Used in contexts like urban planning, technology, or social sciences to denote ease of movement or adaptability.
• подвижность - More common in biological or mechanical contexts, such as describing joint flexibility or vehicle maneuverability.

Usage Examples:

• В современном мире мобильность очень важна для карьерного роста.

  In the modern world, mobility is very important for career growth.

• Подвижность суставов уменьшается с возрастом, что приводит к проблемам со здоровьем.

  Joint mobility decreases with age, leading to health problems.

• Городские власти улучшают мобильность жителей за счет развития общественного транспорта.

  City authorities are improving residents' mobility through the development of public transport.

• Мобильность рабочей силы способствует экономическому росту страны.

  Labor mobility contributes to the country's economic growth.

• В автомобилях важно обеспечить подвижность всех механизмов для безопасной езды.

  In vehicles, it's important to ensure the mobility of all mechanisms for safe driving.

2. The quality of being mobile, such as in technology (e.g., mobile devices)

Translation(s) & Context:

• мобильность - Often refers to wireless or portable technology, like in "мобильная связь" (mobile communication).
• подвижность - Less common here, but could imply dynamic features in tech contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Мобильность смартфонов позволяет людям оставаться на связи везде.

  The mobility of smartphones allows people to stay connected everywhere.

• Разработка приложений с высокой мобильностью — ключ к успеху в IT-индустрии.

  Developing apps with high mobility is key to success in the IT industry.

• Подвижность интерфейса приложения улучшает пользовательский опыт.

  The mobility of the app's interface improves the user experience.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "мобильность" and "подвижность" are feminine nouns in Russian, belonging to the first declension group. They follow standard patterns for feminine nouns ending in -ость.

These nouns are invariable in terms of gender and number in basic forms, but they inflect regularly across cases as shown.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • гибкость (gibkost') - Flexibility, often used interchangeably in social contexts.
  • движимость (dvizhimost') - Movability, more literal for physical objects.
• Antonyms:
  • неподвижность (nepodvizhnost') - Immobility, indicating lack of movement.
  • застой (zastoy) - Stagnation, implying lack of progress or mobility in a metaphorical sense.

Related Phrases:

• Мобильная связь - Mobile communication; refers to cellular networks and wireless tech.
• Социальная мобильность - Social mobility; the ability to change social status.
• Подвижный состав - Rolling stock; in transportation, referring to movable vehicles.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "мобильность" is a direct borrowing from English and is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, IT, or sociology. It precisely corresponds to "mobility" in its abstract sense. "Подвижность" is more native and suits physical or biological applications. When choosing between translations, opt for "мобильность" in modern, globalized topics and "подвижность" for traditional or scientific descriptions. Be aware of case inflections in sentences, as Russian requires agreement with nouns.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "мобильность" in physical contexts where "подвижность" is more appropriate, e.g., saying "мобильность суставов" instead of "подвижность суставов".
  Correct: "Подвижность суставов" means joint mobility accurately.
  Explanation: This confuses the borrowed term with the native one, leading to semantic mismatch.
• Mistake: Forgetting to inflect the noun, e.g., using "мобильность" in genitive as "мобильность" instead of "мобильности".
  Correct: In a sentence like "повышение мобильности" (increasing mobility), ensure proper case.
  Explanation: Russian grammar demands case agreement, which English learners often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "мобильность" often ties to post-Soviet economic reforms, emphasizing social and economic mobility as a path to improvement. It reflects themes of adaptability in a rapidly changing society, contrasting with historical emphasis on stability.

Related Concepts:

• Адаптация (adaptatsiya)
• Динамизм (dinamizm)
• Перемещение (peremeshcheniye)