Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'meningitis'

English Word: meningitis

Key Russian Translations:

• менингит [mʲɪˈnʲinɡʲɪt] - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical and healthcare contexts, but not in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical terminology and basic Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

менингит: [mʲɪˈnʲinɡʲɪt]

Note on менингит: The stress falls on the third syllable ("-git"), which is common in Russian medical terms. Palatalized consonants like "нʲ" can be challenging for English speakers; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (Primary medical meaning)

Translation(s) & Context:

• менингит - Used in formal medical discussions, diagnoses, and health reports; always in a professional or emergency context.

Usage Examples:

• У него диагностировали менингит, и его срочно госпитализировали.

  He was diagnosed with meningitis and was rushed to the hospital.

• Менингит может передаваться через тесный контакт, поэтому важно соблюдать гигиену.

  Meningitis can be transmitted through close contact, so it's important to maintain hygiene.

• Вакцинация помогает предотвратить менингит у детей.

  Vaccination helps prevent meningitis in children.

• Симптомы менингита включают высокую температуру и сильную головную боль.

  Symptoms of meningitis include high fever and severe headache.

• Лечение менингита часто требует антибиотиков и интенсивной терапии.

  Treating meningitis often requires antibiotics and intensive care.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Менингит" is a masculine noun of the second declension in Russian. It follows standard patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant, with changes in cases and numbers. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This noun is invariable in terms of gender and follows regular declension rules, making it straightforward for intermediate learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • воспаление мозговых оболочек (vospaleniye mozgovykh obolochek) - A more descriptive phrase, used in formal medical writing for emphasis on the anatomical aspect.
  • менингитный процесс (meningitnyy protsess) - Implies the ongoing process, often in clinical contexts.
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as this is a specific medical condition without a direct opposite in Russian vocabulary.

Related Phrases:

• Острый менингит (Ostry meningitis) - Meaning: Acute meningitis; used to describe a sudden and severe form of the disease.
• Бактериальный менингит (Bakterialnyy meningitis) - Meaning: Bacterial meningitis; refers to cases caused by bacteria, often in epidemiological discussions.
• Профилактика менингита (Profilaktika meningitis) - Meaning: Prevention of meningitis; commonly used in public health campaigns.

Usage Notes:

"Менингит" directly corresponds to the English term "meningitis" and is used exclusively in formal, medical, or scientific contexts. It is a neuter noun in Russian grammar, so always ensure correct case agreement with adjectives or verbs (e.g., "острый менингит" for "acute meningitis"). English speakers should note that Russian medical terminology often incorporates loanwords like this one, but it must be declined properly in sentences. When choosing between synonyms, opt for "менингит" in concise medical reports and the fuller phrases for educational or descriptive purposes.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the wrong case, e.g., saying "Я имею менингит" instead of "У меня менингит" (I have meningitis).

  Correct: У меня менингит. (The genitive case is needed after prepositions like "у" meaning "at" or "with".)

  Explanation: English learners often forget Russian case requirements, leading to grammatical errors that can confuse native speakers.

• Error: Mispronouncing the word by stressing the wrong syllable, e.g., saying [mʲɪnʲinɡʲɪt] instead of [mʲɪˈnʲinɡʲɪt].

  Correct Pronunciation: [mʲɪˈnʲinɡʲɪt].

  Explanation: Stress patterns in Russian can be unpredictable, and incorrect stress might make the word harder to understand in fast speech.

Cultural Notes:

"Менингит" is a straightforward medical term without significant cultural connotations in Russian society. However, in Russia and other Russian-speaking countries, public health campaigns often emphasize vaccination against meningitis due to historical outbreaks, reflecting a broader cultural value on preventive medicine in post-Soviet healthcare systems.

Related Concepts:

• энцефалит (entsefalit)
• грипп (gripp)
• пневмония (pnevmoniya)