Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'masonry'

English Word: masonry

Key Russian Translations:

• кладка [ˈkladka] - [Formal, used in construction contexts]
• каменная кладка [kɐˈmʲenːəjɐ ˈkladka] - [Formal, specifies stone masonry; Plural form possible]
• масонство [mɐˈsonstvə] - [Formal, specifically for Freemasonry or fraternal organizations; Used in historical or cultural discussions]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical, architectural, and historical texts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate for general masonry; B2 for 'масонство' due to cultural connotations, per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

кладка: [ˈkladka] (Stress on the first syllable; the 'к' is a hard velar stop)

каменная кладка: [kɐˈmʲenːəjɐ ˈkladka] (Note the palatalized 'н' in 'каменная'; practice the soft 'й' sound for fluency)

масонство: [mɐˈsonstvə] (Emphasize the 'о' as a mid-back rounded vowel; common in borrowed words)

Note on кладка: This word may vary slightly in regional accents, such as in Southern Russian dialects where the stress remains consistent but vowels soften.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The craft or work of a mason, involving building with stone, brick, or concrete.

Translation(s) & Context:

• кладка - Used in everyday construction discussions, such as describing walls or foundations in formal or professional settings.
• каменная кладка - Applied specifically to stone-based masonry, in contexts like architecture or engineering projects.

Usage Examples:

• В старом городе сохранилась оригинальная кладка стен из кирпича.

  In the old city, the original brick masonry of the walls has been preserved.

• Мастер обучал учеников правильной технике каменной кладки для устойчивости зданий.

  The master taught the apprentices the proper technique of stone masonry for building stability.

• При ремонте дома мы использовали современные материалы для кладки, чтобы усилить конструкцию.

  During the house repair, we used modern materials for the masonry to strengthen the structure.

• Кладка фундамента должна быть идеальной, иначе здание не устоит.

  The masonry of the foundation must be perfect, otherwise the building won't stand.

• В музее выставлена древняя каменная кладка из римской эпохи.

  In the museum, ancient stone masonry from the Roman era is on display.

Meaning 2: A fraternal organization or secret society (e.g., Freemasonry).

Translation(s) & Context:

• масонство - Used in historical, cultural, or philosophical contexts, often implying secrecy or brotherhood.

Usage Examples:

• Масонство повлияло на многие революции в Европе.

  Freemasonry influenced many revolutions in Europe.

• В книгах о истории упоминается роль масонства в формировании современных обществ.

  Books on history mention the role of Freemasonry in shaping modern societies.

• Масонство часто ассоциируется с символами и ритуалами.

  Freemasonry is often associated with symbols and rituals.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'кладка' (a feminine noun, 1st declension):

For 'каменная кладка' (a compound phrase, follows standard adjective-noun inflections; 'каменная' changes as a feminine adjective).

For 'масонство' (neuter noun, no declension changes as it's indeclinable in most contexts): It remains unchanged across cases, which is common for abstract nouns borrowed from other languages.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • муровая работа (more specific to bricklaying; used interchangeably in construction)
  • каменное дело (emphasizes the trade or profession)
• Antonyms:
  • разрушение (destruction; implies the opposite of building)
  • демонтаж (dismantling; for structural contexts)

Related Phrases:

• Каменная кладка стен - Stone masonry of walls; Used in architectural descriptions.
• Техника кладки кирпича - Bricklaying technique; Common in DIY or professional building contexts.
• Масонское братство - Masonic brotherhood; Refers to the organizational aspect in cultural discussions.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'кладка' directly corresponds to the building aspect of 'masonry' and is preferred in formal or technical contexts, while 'масонство' aligns with the secretive society meaning. Be mindful of context: use 'кладка' for physical construction to avoid confusion with Freemasonry. Grammatically, as a feminine noun, it requires agreement in gender, number, and case (e.g., adjectives must match). For English learners, choose 'кладка' for everyday topics and 'масонство' for historical ones; regional variations might exist in spoken Russian.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'кладка' with 'клад' (meaning 'deposit' or 'hoard'). Correct: Use 'кладка' only for masonry to avoid semantic overlap. Example of error: "Я нашел кладку золота" (incorrect for gold hoard); Correct: "Я нашел клад золота". Explanation: 'Кладка' specifically denotes construction, not treasure.

• Error: Forgetting case agreement, e.g., saying "в кладка" instead of "в кладке". Correct: Always decline properly, as in "работа в кладке". Explanation: Russian requires precise grammatical agreement, which English learners often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

For 'масонство', it carries historical connotations in Russia, often linked to 18th-19th century intellectual movements and perceived secrecy, influencing literature like Pushkin's works. In modern contexts, it's less prominent but can evoke conspiracy theories, so use cautiously in conversations to respect cultural sensitivities.

Related Concepts:

• строительство
• архитектура
• братство