Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'machinery'

English Word: machinery

Key Russian Translations:

• машины [ˈmaʂɨnɨ] - [Plural, Informal; commonly used for mechanical devices or vehicles]
• оборудование [ɐbɐrʊˈdəvanʲɪje] - [Formal; typically refers to industrial or technical equipment]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its translations appear regularly in technical, industrial, and everyday contexts, but not as frequently as basic vocabulary.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and technical terminology. For 'машины', it's slightly easier at A2 due to its common usage, while 'оборудование' may reach B1 for its formal connotations.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

машины: [ˈmaʂɨnɨ]

Note on машины: The stress is on the first syllable; the 'ш' sound is a soft, palatalized 'sh' which can be challenging for English speakers. Variations may occur in dialects.

оборудование: [ɐbɐrʊˈdəvanʲɪje]

Note on оборудование: This is a longer word with multiple syllables; focus on the stress on the third syllable ('də'). Russian speakers often soften the 'б' and 'д' sounds.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

General meaning: Mechanical devices or equipment used in industry, manufacturing, or daily operations

Translation(s) & Context:

• машины - Used in everyday or informal contexts, such as referring to vehicles, tools, or simple machines; common in spoken language or non-technical discussions.
• оборудование - Preferred in formal, technical, or professional settings, such as engineering, factories, or official documents; implies more complex systems.

Usage Examples:

• В фабрике установлено новейшее оборудование для производства автомобилей.

  In the factory, the latest machinery for car production has been installed.

• Эти машины работают круглосуточно, обеспечивая бесперебойное производство.

  This machinery operates around the clock, ensuring uninterrupted production.

• Покупка современного оборудования помогла компании повысить эффективность.

  Purchasing modern machinery helped the company improve efficiency.

• В музее выставлены старые машины, которые использовались в прошлом веке.

  In the museum, old machinery that was used in the previous century is on display.

• Без правильного обслуживания оборудование может быстро выйти из строя.

  Without proper maintenance, machinery can break down quickly.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Машины' is the plural nominative form of the feminine noun 'машина' (machine). It follows standard first-declension patterns for Russian nouns. 'Оборудование' is a neuter noun that is largely indeclinable in modern Russian, meaning it does not change form in most cases.

For 'машина' (singular base), here is a basic declension table:

For 'оборудование', it remains mostly unchanged: e.g., Genitive: оборудования; Dative: оборудованию; but in informal use, it may not inflect fully.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • аппаратура (apparatus; more technical, often for electronic systems)
  • устройства (devices; broader and less formal than оборудование)
  • механизмы (mechanisms; focuses on internal workings)
• Antonyms:
  • ручной труд (manual labor; implies human effort without machines)
  • примитивные инструменты (primitive tools; basic, non-mechanized alternatives)

Related Phrases:

• промышленные машины - Industrial machinery; refers to large-scale equipment in manufacturing contexts.
• современное оборудование - Modern machinery; used when discussing technological advancements.
• автоматическое оборудование - Automated machinery; highlights systems that operate without human intervention.
• стабильное оборудование - Reliable machinery; emphasizes durability and consistent performance.

Usage Notes:

When translating 'machinery' to Russian, choose 'машины' for everyday or plural references to machines, as it aligns closely with the English plural form and is more accessible in casual speech. Use 'оборудование' for formal or technical contexts, such as business reports or engineering discussions, where it conveys a sense of comprehensive systems. Be mindful of Russian's grammatical gender and declensions—'машины' must agree with adjectives and verbs in case and number. For example, in sentences involving possession, use the genitive case. If multiple translations apply, select based on context: 'машины' for vehicles, 'оборудование' for factory setups. This helps avoid overgeneralization in Russian communication.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the singular 'машина' when referring to 'machinery' in a general sense, e.g., saying "Машина в фабрике" instead of "Машины в фабрике". Correct: The plural form is needed for collective equipment. Explanation: English 'machinery' is often uncountable, but Russian requires plural agreement for multiple items.

• Error: Confusing 'оборудование' with 'устройство' and using it interchangeably; e.g., "Это устройство для производства" when 'оборудование' is more appropriate for large-scale machinery. Correct: Use 'оборудование' for complex systems. Explanation: 'Устройство' implies smaller devices, leading to precision issues in technical contexts.

• Error: Forgetting declension, e.g., saying "Купить оборудование" in a sentence requiring genitive, like "Нужен ремонт оборудования". Correct: Adjust to genitive form. Explanation: Russian nouns change based on case, which English learners often overlook, resulting in grammatically incorrect sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like 'оборудование' often reflect the historical emphasis on industrialization during the Soviet era, where machinery symbolized progress and collective labor. For instance, in literature and media, machinery is frequently portrayed in contexts of factory life or technological innovation, as seen in works by authors like Maxim Gorky, highlighting its role in societal advancement rather than just functionality.

Related Concepts:

• техника
• инструменты
• механика
• производство