Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'lint'

English Word: lint

Key Russian Translations:

• ворс (/vɐrs/) - [Common noun, Informal]
• пух (/pux/) - [Informal, Plural form often used for fluffy materials]

Frequency: Medium (The word is commonly encountered in everyday contexts related to textiles or materials, but not as frequent as basic vocabulary.)

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner level for basic nouns; however, for more nuanced uses like in programming contexts, it may reach B1 if referring to 'lint' as a tool, e.g., 'линтер'.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ворс: /vɐrs/ (The 'в' is pronounced as a voiced labiodental fricative, similar to 'v' in English 'victory'. Stress is on the first syllable.)

Note on ворс: Be cautious with the 'р' sound, which is a trilled alveolar in Russian; beginners might confuse it with a soft 'r'. Variations in casual speech may soften the trill.

пух: /pux/ (The 'п' is an unvoiced bilabial plosive, and 'х' is a voiceless velar fricative, like the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'.)

Note on пух: In some dialects, the final 'х' might be aspirated more strongly; it's often used in diminutive forms like 'пушок' for softer lint.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Fluffy fibers or lint from fabrics (e.g., as in clothing or textiles)

Translation(s) & Context:

• ворс - Used in everyday contexts for lint on clothes or fabrics; informal and common in daily conversation.
• пух - Applied when referring to soft, fluffy lint, often in plural forms for materials like wool; suitable for descriptive or poetic language.

Usage Examples:

• На свитере появился ворс от старой ткани. (Na svitere pojavilsja vors ot staroj tkani.)

  Lint appeared on the sweater from the old fabric. (This example shows 'ворс' in a simple declarative sentence, highlighting physical appearance.)

• Я снял пух с куртки перед выходом. (Ja sniäl pux s kurtki pered vyxodom.)

  I removed the lint from my jacket before going out. (Here, 'пух' is used in an action-oriented context, demonstrating verb conjugation with 'снял'.)

• Ворс на ковре собирает пыль, поэтому его нужно чистить регулярно. (Vors na kovre sobiraet pyl', poetomu ego nuzhno chistit' reguljarno.)

  The lint on the carpet collects dust, so it needs to be cleaned regularly. (This illustrates 'ворс' in a compound sentence with causal structure.)

• Пух от подушки разлетелся по комнате. (Pux ot podushki razletelsja po komnate.)

  The lint from the pillow scattered around the room. (Example shows 'пух' in a plural, dynamic context with verb 'разлетелся'.)

• После стирки весь ворс отошел от ткани. (Posle stirki ves' vors otrashël ot tkani.)

  After washing, all the lint came off the fabric. (This demonstrates 'ворс' in a post-event description, varying sentence structure.)

Meaning 2: In programming, a tool for code analysis (less common direct translation)

Translation(s) & Context:

• линтер - Used in technical contexts for code linting tools; formal and specific to IT jargon.

Usage Examples:

• Я использую линтер для проверки кода в проекте. (Ja ispol'zuju linter dlja proverki koda v proekte.)

  I use a linter to check the code in my project. (This example places 'линтер' in a professional context, showing noun usage with verbs.)

• Линтер выявил ошибки в скрипте. (Linter vyjavil oshibki v skripte.)

  The linter detected errors in the script. (Illustrates 'линтер' as a subject in a simple sentence.)

• Без линтера код может содержать скрытые проблемы. (Bez lintera kod mozhet soderzhat' skrytye problemy.)

  Without a linter, the code might contain hidden issues. (This shows 'линтер' in a conditional or advisory context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'ворс' (a masculine noun in Russian), it follows the standard third declension pattern for inanimate nouns. It is inflected based on case and number.

For 'пух' (also masculine), it has similar inflections but is often used in plural forms for collections:

• Singular: пух (nominative)
• Plural: пухи (though less common; more often remains as пух in collective sense)

'Линтер' as a borrowed word is typically indeclinable in modern Russian, meaning it does not change forms: always 'линтер' regardless of case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • ворсинки (small lint particles; more diminutive and specific)
  • пушок (a softer, fluffier variant; often used for baby lint or down)
• Antonyms:
  • гладкость (smoothness; implies the opposite texture)

Related Phrases:

• собирать ворс (sobirat' vors) - To collect lint; often used in cleaning contexts. (This phrase refers to removing lint from surfaces.)
• пух на одежде (pux na odezhde) - Lint on clothing; common in daily maintenance discussions. (Implies fluff buildup that needs attention.)
• ворс от ткани (vors ot tkani) - Lint from fabric; used when describing material wear and tear. (This highlights sources of lint in textiles.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'ворс' directly corresponds to the English 'lint' in textile contexts, but it's more commonly used for visible fibers. Choose 'пух' for softer, down-like lint to match nuances. Be aware of gender agreements in sentences (e.g., adjectives must agree with the masculine noun). In formal writing, prefer full declensions; in informal speech, simplifications occur. For programming 'lint', 'линтер' is a direct borrow, so use it in technical settings without inflection.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'ворс' without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я вижу ворс" in genitive context instead of "Я вижу ворса". Correct: Ensure case agreement, as in "Я вижу кусок ворса". (Explanation: Russian nouns must match the sentence's grammatical case; this mistake often comes from English speakers who overlook declensions.)
• Error: Confusing 'пух' with 'пушок' and overusing diminutives, e.g., "пушок" for general lint when 'пух' is sufficient. Correct: Use 'пушок' only for very soft or small lint to avoid sounding overly cute or imprecise. (Explanation: Diminutives add affection, which might not fit formal contexts.)

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, lint or 'ворс' is often associated with practicality in daily life, such as in traditional textile crafts like embroidery or clothing maintenance. Historically, during the Soviet era, managing lint was part of homemaking skills, reflecting resourcefulness in a utilitarian society.

Related Concepts:

• ткань (fabric)
• пылесос (vacuum cleaner)
• волокна (fibers)