Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'liner'

English Word: liner

Key Russian Translations:

• лайнер [ˈlajnʲer] - [Formal, Used in contexts related to transportation]

Frequency: Medium (Common in discussions about travel, aviation, or shipping, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and their inflections, per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

лайнер: [ˈlajnʲer]

Note on лайнер: The stress is on the first syllable. The 'й' sound is a soft palatal approximant, which can be challenging for English speakers; it's similar to the 'y' in "yes." Variations may occur in regional dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A large passenger ship or aircraft for long-distance travel

Translation(s) & Context:

• лайнер - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as aviation or maritime discussions, to refer to a scheduled passenger vessel.

Usage Examples:

• Мы полетим на лайнере в Нью-Йорк. (We will fly on a liner to New York.)

  This example shows the word in a travel context, demonstrating its use with verbs of motion.

• Лайнер отплывает в полночь. (The liner departs at midnight.)

  Here, it's used in a scheduling context, highlighting its application in nautical settings.

• Этот лайнер оснащен современными удобствами. (This liner is equipped with modern amenities.)

  This illustrates the word in a descriptive context, often in promotional or descriptive language.

• Лайнеры стали символом эры роскоши. (Liners have become a symbol of the era of luxury.)

  This example demonstrates its use in historical or cultural discussions, showing metaphorical extensions.

• На борту лайнера было много пассажиров. (There were many passengers on board the liner.)

  This shows the word in a quantitative context, paired with prepositional phrases.

Secondary Meaning: A protective inner layer (e.g., in clothing or packaging)

Translation(s) & Context:

• подкладка - Used in everyday contexts like fashion or manufacturing, as an informal equivalent.

Usage Examples:

• В этой куртке есть подкладка из шерсти. (This jacket has a liner made of wool.)

  This example contexts the word in apparel descriptions, emphasizing material specifics.

• Подкладка защищает от холода. (The liner protects against the cold.)

  Here, it's used in a functional context, showing cause-and-effect relationships.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For the noun "лайнер" (a masculine noun), it follows standard Russian declension patterns for inanimate nouns. It is inflected based on case and number. Below is a table of its forms:

For "подкладка" (a feminine noun), it has its own inflections, which are regular for feminine nouns ending in -a. It does not have irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • самолет (for aircraft context; more general term for plane)
  • пароход (for ship context; implies steam-powered vessels)
• Antonyms:
  • малый корабль (small vessel; contrasts with large liners)

Note: "самолет" is often interchangeable with "лайнер" in aviation but may imply smaller aircraft in some contexts.

Related Phrases:

• Морской лайнер - A sea liner; commonly used for cruise ships. (Refers to large passenger vessels on the ocean.)
• Авиалайнер - An airliner; used for commercial aircraft. (Emphasizes aviation-specific contexts.)
• Лайнер класса "Титаник" - Liner of the "Titanic" class; a phrase for historical or luxury ships. (Often in cultural or historical discussions.)

Usage Notes:

"Лайнер" directly corresponds to the English "liner" in transportation contexts but is more specific to large, scheduled vessels. It is typically used in formal writing or speech; for informal conversations, Russians might opt for simpler terms like "самолет" for planes. Be cautious with gender agreements in sentences, as "лайнер" is masculine. When choosing between translations like "лайнер" and "подкладка," select based on context: the former for travel, the latter for materials.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "лайнер" incorrectly in non-transport contexts, e.g., saying "Это лайнер для одежды" instead of "подкладка для одежды." Correct: "Подкладка" is the appropriate term for a clothing liner. Explanation: This confuses the primary meaning; always check the context to avoid semantic mismatches.

• Error: Incorrect inflection, e.g., using "лайнеры" in the genitive case as "лайнер" instead of "лайнеров." Correct: "Книги о лайнерах" (Books about liners). Explanation: Russian requires precise case endings; English speakers often overlook this due to less inflection in English.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "лайнер" often evokes images of historical events like the Titanic or Soviet-era aircraft, symbolizing adventure and luxury. For instance, the term is frequently used in literature and films to represent the glamour of early 20th-century travel, reflecting Russia's fascination with exploration and technology.

Related Concepts:

• паром (ferry)
• самолет (airplane)
• крейсер (cruiser)