Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'license'

English Word: license

Key Russian Translations:

• лицензия /lʲɪˈt͡senzʲɪjə/ - [Formal, Noun; Used in official, legal, or business contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in professional and administrative discussions, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of noun declensions and formal vocabulary, based on CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

лицензия: /lʲɪˈt͡senzʲɪjə/

Note on лицензия: The stress is on the third syllable (/t͡senzʲ/), which can be challenging for English speakers due to the palatalized 'л' sound. Pronounce it with a soft 'l' as in 'luxury'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Official permission or document granting the right to do something, such as driving or operating a business.

Translation(s) & Context:

• лицензия - Used in formal contexts like legal agreements, government regulations, or professional certifications.

Usage Examples:

• Я получил лицензию на вождение автомобиля. (Ya poluchil litsenziyu na vodeniye avtomobilya.)

  I got a driver's license. (This example shows the noun in a nominative case, common in statements about possession.)

• Без лицензии невозможно открыть ресторан. (Bez litsenzii nevozmozhno otkryt' restoran.)

  Without a license, it's impossible to open a restaurant. (Illustrates the noun in a genitive context, emphasizing dependency.)

• Её лицензия на продажу алкоголя истекла. (Yeyo litsenziya na prodazhu alkogolya isteкла.)

  Her license for selling alcohol has expired. (Demonstrates the noun with possessive pronouns and in a prepositional phrase.)

• Компания обновила свою лицензию на программное обеспечение. (Kompaniya obnovila svoyu litsenziyu na programmnoye obespecheniye.)

  The company renewed its software license. (Shows usage in a business or tech context, with accusative implications.)

• Лицензия требует ежегодной проверки. (Litsenziya trebuet ezhegodnoy proverki.)

  The license requires an annual inspection. (Highlights the noun as a subject in regulatory scenarios.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Лицензия" is a feminine noun (1st declension in Russian). It follows standard patterns for feminine nouns ending in -я, with changes based on case and number. Below is a table of its declensions:

Note: This noun does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declensions are mastered.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • разрешение (razresheniye) - More general term for permission, often used interchangeably in informal contexts.
  • патент (patent) - Similar but implies intellectual property rights; subtle difference in legal specificity.
• Antonyms:
  • запрет (zapret) - Prohibition or ban, directly opposite in meaning for regulatory contexts.
  • ограничение (ogranicheniye) - Restriction, which limits rather than grants rights.

Related Phrases:

• получить лицензию (poluchit' litsenziyu) - To obtain a license; Used in contexts of application and approval processes.
• лицензия на экспорт (litsenziya na eksport) - Export license; Common in international trade discussions.
• продлить лицензию (prodlit' litsenziyu) - To renew a license; Implies ongoing compliance requirements.

Usage Notes:

"Лицензия" directly corresponds to the English "license" in formal settings, such as legal or business environments, but English speakers should note that Russian requires correct case usage based on sentence structure. For instance, use the genitive case when indicating possession or origin. If multiple translations exist, choose "лицензия" for official documents and "разрешение" for broader permissions to avoid over-formality. Be mindful of context: in casual speech, Russians might simplify to avoid full declensions.

Common Errors:

• Common Error: Using "лицензию" (accusative) incorrectly in nominative contexts, e.g., saying "Я имею лицензию" instead of "Я имею лицензию" (which is correct, but learners often mix cases).

  Correct Usage: "У меня есть лицензия." (At me is license.) - Explanation: Always match the case to the grammatical role; here, nominative for the subject.

• Common Error: Confusing with "патент," leading to misuse in software contexts, e.g., saying "Это патент для программы" when "лицензия" is more appropriate.

  Correct Usage: "Это лицензия для программы." - Explanation: "Патент" refers to inventions, while "лицензия" covers usage rights.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, obtaining a "лицензия" often involves bureaucratic processes, reflecting the country's emphasis on regulation in areas like business and transportation. For example, licenses for alcohol sales or driving are tied to national standards, which can symbolize the state's role in daily life, differing from more decentralized systems in English-speaking countries.

Related Concepts:

• патент (patent)
• сертификат (sertifikat)
• разрешение (razresheniye)