Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'ionize'

English Word: ionize

Key Russian Translations:

• ионизировать [ɪ.ɐ.nʲɪˈzʲi.rə.vətʲ] - [Formal, Scientific context, Verb]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in scientific, technical, or academic discussions; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced; requires familiarity with scientific terminology and Russian verb conjugations)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ионизировать: [ɪ.ɐ.nʲɪˈzʲi.rə.vətʲ]

Note on ионизировать: The stress falls on the fourth syllable (-зи-). Be mindful of the palatalized 'н' sound, which is common in Russian verbs. Pronunciation may vary slightly by region.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To convert an atom, molecule, or substance into ions, typically through the addition or removal of electrons.

Translation(s) & Context:

• ионизировать - Used in scientific contexts, such as chemistry or physics, to describe processes like ionization in gases or solutions. (Formal, technical writing or lectures)

Usage Examples:

• В лаборатории мы ионизируем газ, чтобы изучить его свойства.

  In the laboratory, we ionize the gas to study its properties.

• Солнечный ветер ионизирует верхние слои атмосферы Земли.

  The solar wind ionizes the upper layers of Earth's atmosphere.

• Химики используют лазеры, чтобы ионизировать молекулы в экспериментах.

  Chemists use lasers to ionize molecules in experiments.

• Процесс ионизации происходит, когда атомы теряют электроны под действием излучения.

  The ionization process occurs when atoms lose electrons due to radiation.

• В физике плазмы, ионизировать вещество означает создать плазменное состояние.

  In plasma physics, to ionize a substance means to create a plasma state.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Ионизировать" is a first-conjugation verb in Russian, which follows regular patterns but includes palatalization due to its foreign origin. It is intransitive and can be conjugated based on tense, aspect, mood, and person. Below is a basic conjugation table for the present tense:

Aspect: This verb is imperfective. The perfective form is "ионизировать" in imperfective aspect; for perfective, it might be paired with "проионизировать" in some contexts, but it's not standard. Infinitive: ионизировать. Past tense: ионизировал (masc.), ионизировала (fem.), etc. It does not have irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • электризовать (elektrifizovat') - More general, implying electrification, but can overlap in contexts.
  • диссоциировать (dissotsiirovat') - Specifically for dissociation into ions, with subtle differences in chemical processes.
• Antonyms:
  • нейтрализовать (nejtralizovat') - To neutralize or return to a non-ionized state.

Related Phrases:

• Ионизация воздуха (Ionizatsiya vozdukha) - The process of ionizing air; commonly used in air purification systems.
• Ионизирующее излучение (Ioniziruyushchee izlucheniye) - Ionizing radiation; refers to radiation that can ionize atoms, as in nuclear physics.
• Процесс ионизации (Protsess ionizatsii) - The ionization process; a key phrase in scientific descriptions.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "ионизировать" directly corresponds to the English "ionize" in scientific contexts, maintaining a formal tone. It is typically used in written reports, lectures, or technical discussions rather than casual speech. When translating, ensure the context specifies the scientific process to avoid confusion with similar terms. For example, in chemistry, it pairs well with nouns like "атом" (atom) or "молекула" (molecule). If multiple translations exist, choose based on the exact scientific field: "диссоциировать" for electrolytic dissociation.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "ионизировать" with "электризовать" by using it interchangeably. Correct: "Ионизировать" specifically means creating ions, while "электризовать" means to charge electrically. Example of error: *Я электризую газ* (incorrect for ionization). Correct: Я ионизирую газ.

• Error: Incorrect conjugation, such as using the wrong person or tense. Example of error: *Он ионизируетс* (missing ending). Correct: Он ионизирует. Explanation: Russian verbs require proper endings based on person and number.

Cultural Notes:

"Ионизировать" is a borrowed term from Western science, reflecting Russia's integration into global scientific discourse. It doesn't carry strong cultural connotations but is prominent in educational contexts, such as in physics and chemistry curricula, which emphasize Russia's historical contributions to science (e.g., through figures like Mendeleev). Understanding such terms helps English speakers appreciate how Russian science adapts international concepts.

Related Concepts:

• Электролит (elektrlit)
• Плазма (plazma)
• Ион (ion)