Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'injunction'

English Word: injunction

Key Russian Translations:

• инъюнкция /ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃə/ - [Formal, Legal term; Used in legal and official contexts]
• предписание /prʲɪd.pʲɪs.kəˈnʲi.jə/ - [Formal; Often used more generally for instructions or orders, but less specific to court orders]

Frequency: Low (This term is specialized and appears primarily in legal or academic discussions, not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced level, as it involves legal terminology and requires familiarity with Russian loanwords and formal language; for 'инъюнкция', it's particularly challenging due to its borrowed nature, while 'предписание' is slightly easier at B2 for general use)

Pronunciation (Russian):

инъюнкция: /ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃə/ (Note: As a loanword from English, it's pronounced with a Russian accent, emphasizing the 'й' sound as a soft 'y')

предписание: /prʲɪd.pʲɪs.kəˈnʲi.jə/ (Stressed on the third syllable; the 'щ' is a soft, hissing sound)

Note on инъюнкция: This word is a direct borrowing, so non-native speakers may struggle with the soft consonants; practice the 'й' to avoid hardening it into a 'j' sound.

Note on предписание: Be mindful of the palatalized consonants, which are common in Russian and can affect fluency.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary meaning: A court order prohibiting or requiring a specific action

Translation(s) & Context:

• инъюнкция - Used in formal legal contexts, such as civil lawsuits or injunctions in international law.
• предписание - Applied in broader administrative or legal settings, like government directives, but can imply an injunction in judicial scenarios.

Usage Examples:

• Суд выдал инъюнкцию, чтобы остановить строительство.

  The court issued an injunction to halt the construction. (This example shows the term in a legal dispute context.)

• Эта инъюнкция была необходима для защиты прав собственников.

  This injunction was necessary to protect the owners' rights. (Demonstrates use in property law scenarios.)

• Власти выпустили предписание, аналогичное инъюнкции, для предотвращения загрязнения.

  The authorities issued a directive similar to an injunction to prevent pollution. (Illustrates a comparative usage in environmental contexts.)

• Предписание суда выступило в роли инъюнкции против компании.

  The court's directive acted as an injunction against the company. (Shows how 'предписание' can overlap with 'инъюнкция' in practice.)

• Инъюнкция была отменена после апелляции в высший суд.

  The injunction was lifted after an appeal to the higher court. (Highlights use in ongoing legal processes.)

Secondary meaning: A strong command or warning (less common in English, but possible in metaphorical use)

Translation(s) & Context:

• предписание - In non-legal contexts, such as moral or advisory warnings.

Usage Examples:

• Его предписание звучало как строгая инъюнкция.

  His directive sounded like a strict injunction. (Example in interpersonal communication.)

• Предписание родителей послужило инъюнкцией для ребёнка.

  The parents' directive served as an injunction for the child. (Shows familial or educational contexts.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'инъюнкция' and 'предписание' are feminine nouns in Russian, following standard declension patterns for borrowed and native words.

For 'инъюнкция' (feminine, 1st declension, though as a loanword, it may not always follow rules perfectly):

For 'предписание' (feminine, 2nd declension, with regular changes):

Note: These are regular inflections; 'инъюнкция' may have variations in informal use due to its foreign origin.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • запрет (prohibition; more general and often used interchangeably in legal contexts)
  • распоряжение (order or decree; implies authority but less formal than инъюнкция)
  • указ (decree; typically for official government orders, with subtle differences in scope)
• Antonyms:
  • разрешение (permission; directly opposes the restrictive nature)
  • свобода (freedom; conceptual opposite in broader contexts)

Related Phrases:

• Судебная инъюнкция - Judicial injunction; Used in court-related discussions.
• Временное предписание - Temporary injunction; Implies a short-term order in legal proceedings.
• Инъюнкция о запрете - Injunction of prohibition; A common phrase for restraining orders, with the meaning: an order to forbid an action.
• Предписание по контракту - Directive under contract; Relates to contractual obligations similar to an injunction.

Usage Notes:

• While 'injunction' directly translates to 'инъюнкция' in legal English-Russian contexts, 'предписание' is often a safer choice for broader or less formal applications to avoid sounding overly technical.
• Be aware of register: 'Инъюнкция' is strictly formal and professional, whereas 'предписание' can appear in administrative or everyday official language.
• In sentences, ensure correct case agreement; for example, use genitive after prepositions like 'от' (from) as in 'от инъюнкции'.
• When choosing between translations, opt for 'инъюнкция' in international law scenarios and 'предписание' for domestic Russian administrative matters.

Common Errors:

• Error: Misusing 'инъюнкция' as a verb or in the wrong gender (e.g., treating it as masculine). Correct: It's a feminine noun, so say "эта инъюнкция" not "этот инъюнкция". Example of error: "Этот инъюнкция был выдан." Correct: "Эта инъюнкция была выдана." Explanation: Russian nouns have grammatical gender, which affects adjectives and articles.
• Error: Confusing with 'инструкция' (instruction). Correct: Use 'инъюнкция' for legal orders. Example of error: "Инструкция суда" instead of "Инъюнкция суда". Explanation: 'Инструкция' refers to guidelines, not enforceable court orders.
• Error: Incorrect pronunciation, such as softening the wrong consonants. Correct: Practice /ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃə/ to match native speakers. Explanation: This can lead to misunderstandings in professional settings.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and legal systems, injunctions like 'инъюнкция' reflect the influence of Western legal traditions, especially in post-Soviet reforms. They emphasize state authority and individual rights protection, often seen in environmental or human rights cases, highlighting Russia's evolving legal landscape from its Soviet past.

Related Concepts:

• запрет
• судебный приказ
• административное предписание
• юридическая защита