Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'infantile'

English Word: infantile

Key Russian Translations:

• инфантильный [in.fan.'til.nyj] - [Formal, often used in psychological or medical contexts]
• младенческий [m.lə.'den.t͡ɕɪ.skʲɪj] - [Formal, specifically relating to infancy or early childhood]
• незрелый [nʲɪ.'zre.lɨj] - [Informal, emphasizing immaturity in behavior]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in formal writing, psychology, and education, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with borrowed words and Russian adjective inflections; 'инфантильный' is straightforward for learners at this level, while 'незрелый' may vary slightly in nuance)

Pronunciation (Russian):

инфантильный: [in.fan.'til.nyj]

младенческий: [m.lə.'den.t͡ɕɪ.skʲɪj]

незрелый: [nʲɪ.'zre.lɨj]

Note on инфантильный: The stress is on the third syllable ('til), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'л' sound; pronounce it with a clear, rolling 'r' in casual speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Relating to infancy or early childhood development (e.g., in medical or psychological contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• инфантильный - Used in formal discussions of child psychology or developmental stages.
• младенческий - Applied specifically to infants, such as in pediatric care.

Usage Examples:

• В психологии инфантильное поведение часто указывает на задержку эмоционального развития.

  In psychology, infantile behavior often indicates a delay in emotional development.

• Младенческий период — это время, когда ребенок полностью зависит от родителей.

  The infantile period is a time when the child is completely dependent on parents.

• Инфантильные черты в характере взрослого могут создать проблемы в отношениях.

  Infantile traits in an adult's character can create problems in relationships.

• У ребенка младенческого возраста важно развивать базовые навыки.

  For a child of infantile age, it's important to develop basic skills.

Meaning 2: Immaturity or childishness in behavior (e.g., in everyday or informal contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• незрелый - Common in casual conversations about emotional or social immaturity.
• инфантильный - Used more formally to describe regressive behavior.

Usage Examples:

• Его инфантильное отношение к работе раздражает коллег.

  His infantile attitude toward work annoys his colleagues.

• Незрелый человек часто избегает ответственности в повседневной жизни.

  An immature person often avoids responsibility in everyday life.

• Инфантильные шутки не всегда уместны в серьезной беседе.

  Infantile jokes aren't always appropriate in a serious conversation.

• В подростковом возрасте незрелое поведение — это норма, но не в зрелом возрасте.

  Immature behavior is normal in adolescence, but not in adulthood.

• Инфантильный гнев может проявляться в виде истерик.

  Infantile anger can manifest as tantrums.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These translations are primarily adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. 'Инфантильный' and 'младенческий' follow standard first-declension adjective patterns, while 'незрелый' is also an adjective but may show irregularities in certain forms.

Note: These adjectives do not change for verbs but must agree with the nouns they modify. 'Незрелый' is invariable in some predicative uses.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • детский (detskiy) - More general, often implying childlike innocence.
  • незаконченный (nezakonchennyy) - Emphasizes incompleteness, with a subtle difference in maturity context.
• Antonyms:
  • зрелый (zrelyy) - Mature, fully developed.
  • взрослый (vzoslyy) - Adult-like, responsible.

Related Phrases:

• Инфантильное поведение (Infantile behavior) - Refers to childish actions in adults, often in psychological discussions.
• Младенческий сон (Infantile sleep) - Describes the sleep patterns of infants, common in parenting contexts.
• Незрелый ум (Immature mind) - Used to discuss intellectual or emotional underdevelopment.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'инфантильный' directly mirrors the English 'infantile' as a borrowed term, making it ideal for formal translations in psychology or medicine. However, in everyday speech, 'незрелый' is preferred for describing behavioral immaturity to avoid sounding overly academic. Always ensure adjective agreement with the noun in gender, number, and case. For example, choose 'инфантильный' over 'незрелый' when discussing clinical diagnoses, but use 'незрелый' in casual conversations about personal growth.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'инфантильный' in informal contexts where it sounds out of place, e.g., saying "Он инфантильный парень" instead of "Он незрелый парень". Correct: Opt for 'незрелый' in casual talk to match the informal register. Explanation: 'Инфантильный' is more formal and may confuse listeners if not in a professional setting.

• Error: Failing to inflect the adjective properly, e.g., using "инфантильный" in genitive case as "инфантильный" instead of "инфантильного". Correct: Always adjust for case, as in "поведение инфантильного ребенка". Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree with nouns, and neglecting this can make sentences grammatically incorrect.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like 'инфантильный' often carry a negative connotation in adult contexts, reflecting societal emphasis on maturity and responsibility. This stems from historical influences in psychology, such as Freudian ideas, which were popular in Soviet-era education, highlighting the importance of emotional development from a young age.

Related Concepts:

• психологический (psikhologicheskiy)
• эмоциональный (emotsional'nyy)
• развитие (razvitie)