Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'industrialism'

English Word: industrialism

Key Russian Translations:

• индустриализм [ˌɪndʊstrʲɪˈalʲɪzm] - [Formal, used in academic or historical contexts]

Frequency: Low (This term is not commonly used in everyday Russian conversation; it's more prevalent in specialized texts on economics, history, and sociology.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, based on CEFR standards; requires familiarity with abstract concepts and nominal forms, but not overly complex for learners with a solid intermediate grasp of Russian vocabulary and grammar.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

индустриализм: [ˌɪndʊstrʲɪˈalʲɪzm]

Note on индустриализм: The stress falls on the fourth syllable (-alʲɪzm), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the Russian palatalized consonants (e.g., 'rʲ' and 'lʲ'). Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The social and economic system characterized by the development of industry, large-scale production, and urbanization.

Translation(s) & Context:

• индустриализм - Used in formal discussions of historical or economic transformations, such as the shift from agrarian to industrial societies in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Usage Examples:

• Индустриализм в России XIX века привел к быстрому росту городов и фабрик.

  Industrialism in 19th-century Russia led to rapid growth of cities and factories.

• В эпоху индустриализма люди начали мигрировать из сельских районов в промышленные центры.

  In the era of industrialism, people began migrating from rural areas to industrial centers.

• Индустриализм часто ассоциируется с технологическими инновациями и социальными изменениями.

  Industrialism is often associated with technological innovations and social changes.

• Критики индустриализма подчеркивают его негативное влияние на окружающую среду.

  Critics of industrialism emphasize its negative impact on the environment.

• В современном мире индустриализм эволюционировал в цифровую экономику.

  In the modern world, industrialism has evolved into a digital economy.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Индустриализм" is a masculine noun (ending in -изм, which typically follows the pattern of abstract concepts). It undergoes regular declension based on Russian grammatical cases and numbers. Below is a table outlining its basic inflections:

Note: This word is often used in singular form due to its abstract nature. It follows standard patterns for nouns ending in -изм, with no irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • промышленность (more general term for industry, often used interchangeably in economic contexts)
  • индустриализация (focuses on the process of becoming industrialized, with a slight nuance toward action rather than state)
• Antonyms:
  • аграризм (agrarianism, emphasizing rural, agricultural economies)

Related Phrases:

• эра индустриализма - The era of industrialism (refers to the historical period of rapid industrial growth).
• кризис индустриализма - Crisis of industrialism (used to discuss economic or social challenges arising from industrial systems).
• современный индустриализм - Modern industrialism (implies contemporary adaptations, such as sustainable or digital industrial practices).

Usage Notes:

"Индустриализм" directly corresponds to the English "industrialism" as a noun describing a socio-economic system. It is primarily used in formal, academic, or historical contexts rather than everyday speech. English learners should note that Russian often pairs this word with prepositions like "в эпоху" (in the era of) or "под влиянием" (under the influence of) to provide context. When choosing between translations like "индустриализм" and "промышленность," opt for the former for abstract discussions and the latter for concrete references to industry. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences, as it is masculine.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "индустриализм" with "индустриализация": Learners often mix these up; "индустриализация" means the process of industrialization (e.g., "Индустриализация СССР" - Industrialization of the USSR), while "индустриализм" refers to the overall system. Incorrect: "Индустриализация изменила общество" (if meaning the system). Correct: "Индустриализм изменил общество."
• Overusing in informal contexts: This word sounds overly formal in casual conversation; using it in everyday talk might come across as pretentious. For example, instead of saying "индустриализм повсюду," say "промышленность везде" in informal settings.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, "индустриализм" is often linked to the rapid industrialization efforts under Soviet leaders like Stalin in the 1930s, symbolizing modernization and progress but also hardship, environmental damage, and social upheaval. This term carries a nuanced connotation of both advancement and critique, reflecting Russia's complex relationship with Western industrial models.

Related Concepts:

• капитализм (capitalism)
• социализм (socialism)
• модернизация (modernization)
• промышленная революция (industrial revolution)