Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'hinge'

English Word: hinge

Key Russian Translations:

• шарнир [ʃɐrˈnʲir] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Low (This word is not commonly used in everyday conversation but appears in technical or mechanical contexts.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires familiarity with basic noun inflections and technical vocabulary.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

шарнир: [ʃɐrˈnʲir]

Note on шарнир: The stress falls on the second syllable ("nʲir"). Pay attention to the soft 'н' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A mechanical device that connects two objects and allows them to pivot, such as on a door.

Translation(s) & Context:

• шарнир - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as engineering or hardware descriptions, to refer to a hinge mechanism.

Usage Examples:

• Дверь скрипит из-за старого шарнира.

  The door squeaks because of the old hinge.

• Чтобы отремонтировать шкаф, нужно смазать шарниры.

  To repair the cabinet, you need to lubricate the hinges.

• В современном дизайне часто используют скрытые шарниры для эстетики.

  In modern design, hidden hinges are often used for aesthetics.

• Шарнир на воротах сломался, поэтому вход заблокирован.

  The hinge on the gate broke, so the entrance is blocked.

As a verb, to attach or move on a hinge (less common in Russian direct translation).

Translation(s) & Context:

• шарнир (in nominal form) or more dynamically expressed with verbs like "закрепить на шарнире" - Used in instructional or descriptive contexts, such as assembly instructions.

Usage Examples:

• Эта конструкция шарнирится для лучшей мобильности.

  This structure hinges for better mobility.

• Механизм шарнирно соединен, чтобы выдерживать давление.

  The mechanism is hinged to withstand pressure.

• В мебельном производстве детали часто шарнирят для складывания.

  In furniture manufacturing, parts are often hinged for folding.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"шарнир" is a masculine noun in the second declension. It follows regular patterns for Russian nouns, with changes based on case and number. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular inflections, making it straightforward for learners once basic declensions are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • петля (petlya) - Often used for simpler hinges, like on a rope or basic mechanisms; less technical than шарнир.
  • завихрение (zavikhrenie) - In some archaic or poetic contexts, but rare.
• Antonyms:
  • фиксатор (fiksator) - Implies something that fixes or locks in place, contrasting with the mobility of a hinge.

Related Phrases:

• дверной шарнир - Door hinge; commonly used in everyday maintenance contexts.
• скрытый шарнир - Hidden hinge; refers to concealed mechanisms in modern furniture design.
• шарнирное соединение - Hinged connection; used in engineering for joint mechanisms.

Usage Notes:

"Шарнир" directly corresponds to the English "hinge" in mechanical contexts but is more formal and technical in Russian. It is rarely used in casual speech; opt for this term in written instructions, DIY guides, or professional settings. When translating the verb form of "hinge," Russian often requires a phrase like "закрепить на шарнире" to convey movement. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences, as "шарнир" is masculine. If multiple translations exist, choose "шарнир" for precision in technical scenarios and "петля" for simpler, everyday objects.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "шарнир" with "петля": English learners might use "петля" (which means a loop or simple hinge) interchangeably, but it's less accurate for mechanical hinges. Correct: "Используйте шарнир для двери" (Use a hinge for the door). Incorrect: "Используйте петлю для двери" (which implies a rope loop).
• Misinflecting the noun: Forgetting case changes, e.g., saying "в шарнир" instead of "в шарнире" in prepositional case. Correct: "В шарнире есть проблема" (There is a problem in the hinge). Explanation: Always adjust for context to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "шарнир" are more prevalent in practical, hands-on contexts such as home repair or Soviet-era engineering, reflecting a historical emphasis on mechanics and DIY skills. While not deeply symbolic, it underscores Russia's industrial heritage, where such vocabulary is common in literature like that of technical manuals from the 20th century.

Related Concepts:

• дверь (door)
• механизм (mechanism)
• скоба (bracket or fastener)