Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Hindu'

English Word: Hindu

Key Russian Translations:

• Индуист [ɪn.duˈɪst] - [Formal, Noun]
• Индуистский [ɪn.duˈɪst.skʲɪj] - [Formal, Adjective]

Frequency: Medium (The word is commonly used in cultural, religious, or academic contexts, but not in everyday casual conversation.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of Russian nouns and adjectives, per CEFR standards. For 'Индуист', it's B1; for 'Индуистский', it may vary to B2 due to adjective inflections.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Индуист: [ɪn.duˈɪst] (Stress on the second syllable; the 'ɪ' sound is similar to the 'i' in 'bit'.)

Note on Индуист: This noun has a soft consonant at the end, which can be tricky for English speakers; ensure the 't' is not aspirated as in English.

Audio: []

Индуистский: [ɪn.duˈɪst.skʲɪj] (Stress on the second syllable; the 'skʲɪj' ending is a typical Russian adjective suffix with palatalization.)

Note on Индуистский: Pay attention to the palatalized 'kʲ' sound, which is softer than a standard 'k' in English.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A person who follows Hinduism (Noun form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Индуист - Used in formal or cultural discussions about religion, such as in historical or sociological contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Мой друг — индуист, и он празднует Дивали каждый год.

  My friend is a Hindu, and he celebrates Diwali every year.

• В Индии многие индуисты посещают храмы по утрам.

  In India, many Hindus visit temples in the mornings.

• Индуисты часто следуют принципам кармы и реинкарнации.

  Hindus often follow the principles of karma and reincarnation.

• Как индуист, она изучает древние ведические тексты.

  As a Hindu, she studies ancient Vedic texts.

• В современном обществе индуисты адаптируют традиции к городскому образу жизни.

  In modern society, Hindus adapt traditions to urban lifestyles.

Meaning 2: Related to Hinduism (Adjective form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Индуистский - Used to describe customs, beliefs, or artifacts associated with Hinduism, often in academic or descriptive contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Индуистский фестиваль Дивали символизирует победу света над тьмой.

  The Hindu festival of Diwali symbolizes the victory of light over darkness.

• Индуистский храм в Москве привлекает туристов из разных стран.

  The Hindu temple in Moscow attracts tourists from various countries.

• Индуистский миф о Раме передаётся из поколения в поколение.

  The Hindu myth about Rama is passed down from generation to generation.

• В индуистском искусстве часто изображаются боги с множеством рук.

  In Hindu art, gods are often depicted with multiple arms.

• Индуистский подход к медитации включает йогу и дыхательные упражнения.

  The Hindu approach to meditation includes yoga and breathing exercises.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'Индуист' (a masculine noun):

This is a third-declension noun in Russian, which follows standard patterns for animate masculine nouns. It is inflected based on case and number.

For 'Индуистский' (an adjective):

This adjective follows the standard first-declension pattern and agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. It has short and long forms, but the long form is most common.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Индус (more general term for someone from India, but can overlap; less specific to religion)
  • Верующий в индуизм (a descriptive phrase for a believer in Hinduism)
• Antonyms:
  • Атеист (Atheist)
  • Неиндуист (Non-Hindu, though not a common single word)

Related Phrases:

• Индуистская традиция - Hindu tradition (Refers to cultural practices rooted in Hinduism.)
• Индуистский фестиваль - Hindu festival (Used for events like Diwali or Holi.)
• Индуистские верования - Hindu beliefs (Discusses philosophical aspects.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'Индуист' directly corresponds to the English 'Hindu' as a noun, emphasizing religious affiliation rather than nationality (which might be 'Индус'). Use 'Индуистский' for adjectives to describe anything related to Hinduism. Be mindful of formal contexts; in casual speech, Russians might use more general terms. When choosing between translations, opt for 'Индуист' for people and 'Индуистский' for descriptions to maintain precision.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing 'Индуист' with 'Индус' (which means 'Indian' ethnically). Correct: Use 'Индуист' for religious context only. Example of error: "Он индус" (meaning he's Indian) vs. Correct: "Он индуист" (meaning he's a Hindu religiously).

• Error: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "индуистский женщина" instead of "индуистская женщина". Correct: Always inflect the adjective to match the noun's gender, number, and case.

Cultural Notes:

The term 'Индуист' in Russian contexts often carries connotations of ancient Indian philosophy and spirituality, influenced by Soviet-era studies of Eastern religions. It highlights Hinduism's diversity, including sects like Vaishnavism, but may overlook modern adaptations in global diaspora communities.

Related Concepts:

• Буддист (Buddhist)
• Сикх (Sikh)
• Йога (Yoga)