Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'harangue'

English Word: harangue

Key Russian Translations:

• тирада /tʲɪˈradə/ - [Formal, Literary]
• накачка /nɐˈkatʃkə/ - [Informal, Colloquial, Used in everyday speech for nagging or persistent scolding]

Frequency: Medium (Common in literary, formal, or journalistic contexts, but less frequent in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate for English speakers learning Russian, as it involves understanding nuanced vocabulary and context; for 'накачка', it may be A2 due to its simpler, everyday usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

тирада: /tʲɪˈradə/

накачка: /nɐˈkatʃkə/

Note on тирада: The stress is on the second syllable ('ra'), which can be tricky for beginners; it may vary slightly in fast speech as /tʲɪra'da/.

Note on накачка: The 'к' sound is aspirated; be aware of regional variations in softer dialects.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A long, angry, or scolding speech

Translation(s) & Context:

• тирада - Used in formal or literary settings, such as debates or written critiques, to describe a passionate, extended monologue.
• накачка - Applied in informal contexts, like family arguments or casual reprimands, emphasizing persistent nagging.

Usage Examples:

• Он устроил длинную тираду против несправедливости системы.

  He delivered a harangue against the injustice of the system.

• Её накачка по поводу опоздания длилась несколько минут.

  Her harangue about the lateness went on for several minutes.

• В митинге лидер оппозиции произнесла эмоциональную тираду о коррупции.

  At the rally, the opposition leader gave an emotional harangue about corruption.

• Родители устроили накачку сыну за плохие оценки в школе.

  The parents gave their son a harangue for his poor grades at school.

• После неудачи команды, тренер сделал тираду о необходимости дисциплины.

  After the team's failure, the coach launched into a harangue about the need for discipline.

A pompous or moralizing lecture

Translation(s) & Context:

• тирада - In contexts involving moral or philosophical discourse, often in literature or public speaking.
• накачка - Less common here, but can imply repetitive moralizing in informal settings.

Usage Examples:

• Преподаватель начала тираду о важности этики в бизнесе.

  The teacher started a harangue on the importance of ethics in business.

• Его накачка на тему здоровья превратилась в ежедневный ритуал.

  His harangue about health turned into a daily ritual.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'тирада' and 'накачка' are feminine nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard feminine declension patterns. 'Тирада' is a first-declension noun, while 'накачка' is also first-declension but can vary slightly in informal use.

Note: These nouns do not have irregular forms, making them relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • монолог (monologue; more neutral, without the negative connotation)
  • речь (speech; general term, often formal)
  • брань (scolding; implies anger, similar to 'накачка')
• Antonyms:
  • молчание (silence; direct opposite in communication)
  • диалог (dialogue; implies exchange rather than monologue)

Related Phrases:

• Длинная тирада - A long harangue; used for extended speeches in debates or arguments.
• Эмоциональная накачка - Emotional harangue; common in motivational or confrontational contexts.
• Политическая тирада - Political harangue; refers to speeches in rallies, with a focus on persuasion.

Usage Notes:

'Тирада' is the more precise equivalent to 'harangue' in formal English-Russian translation, often carrying a literary or rhetorical weight, while 'накачка' is better for informal, everyday scolding. Choose 'тирада' for written or public contexts and 'накачка' for personal interactions. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences, as both are feminine nouns. In Russian, these words can imply a negative tone, similar to English, so context is key to avoid misinterpretation.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'тирада' in casual conversation as if it were synonymous with simple 'речь'.
  Correct: 'Он сделал тираду' (He gave a harangue) vs. Incorrect overuse in informal settings.
  Explanation: 'Тирада' sounds overly dramatic in casual talk; opt for 'накачка' instead.
• Mistake: Forgetting declension, e.g., saying 'в тирада' instead of 'в тираде'.
  Correct: 'В тираде он упомянул...' (In his harangue, he mentioned...).
  Explanation: Russian requires proper case endings; this error can make sentences grammatically incorrect.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'тирада' often evokes images from literature, such as in the works of Dostoevsky, where characters deliver passionate monologues. This reflects a historical emphasis on rhetoric in Russian intellectual traditions, where public speeches (like those in Soviet-era meetings) could be seen as forms of harangue, blending criticism with moral exhortation.

Related Concepts:

• ораторство (oratory)
• монолог (monologue)
• проповедь (sermon)