Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'grant'

English Word: grant

Key Russian Translations:

• грант /ɡrant/ - [Formal, Noun; Used in academic, professional, or financial contexts]
• предоставить /prʲɪ.stəˈstavʲ.ɪtʲ/ - [Formal, Verb; Used when giving permission or allocating resources]
• выдать /vɨˈdatʲ/ - [Formal or Informal, Verb; Often in administrative or everyday contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in educational, governmental, and professional discussions, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of noun and verb inflections, suitable for learners with basic Russian grammar knowledge. For 'предоставить', difficulty may be B2 due to irregular verb forms.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

грант: /ɡrant/ (The 'г' is a voiced velar fricative, similar to the 'g' in "go". Stress on the first syllable.)

предоставить: /prʲɪ.stəˈstavʲ.ɪtʲ/ (Palatalized 'р' and 'тʲ' can be challenging; the stress is on the third syllable. Pronounce as "pree-stuh-STAH-vit".)

выдать: /vɨˈdatʲ/ (The 'ы' is a high central vowel, distinct from 'и'; stress on the second syllable.)

Note on предоставить: This verb has palatalization in the root, which might lead to mispronunciation by beginners; practice with native speakers for accurate softening of consonants.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

As a noun (financial aid or award)

Translation(s) & Context:

• грант - Used in contexts involving funding, scholarships, or official allocations, such as research or education (e.g., government or institutional grants).

Usage Examples:

• Я подал заявку на грант для моего проекта.

  I applied for a grant for my project. (Shows application process in a formal setting.)

• Грант от фонда помог финансировать выставку.

  The grant from the foundation helped fund the exhibition. (Illustrates funding in cultural contexts.)

• Студенты часто соревнуются за гранты в университете.

  Students often compete for grants at the university. (Demonstrates competitive academic use.)

• Без гранта исследование не могло бы продолжиться.

  Without the grant, the research couldn't continue. (Emphasizes dependency on funding.)

As a verb (to give or allow)

Translation(s) & Context:

• предоставить - Used in formal contexts for providing permission, resources, or access (e.g., legal or official scenarios).
• выдать - Applied in more practical situations, like issuing documents or allowances (e.g., everyday administrative tasks).

Usage Examples:

• Правительство решило предоставить грант на развитие технологий.

  The government decided to grant funding for technology development. (Formal governmental context.)

• Банк может выдать кредит, но грант предпочтительнее.

  The bank might issue a loan, but a grant is preferable. (Compares financial options in informal discussion.)

• Организация предоставила грант молодым ученым.

  The organization granted aid to young scientists. (Academic support scenario.)

• Если вы выдадите грант, проект запустится быстрее.

  If you grant the funding, the project will start faster. (Emphasizes conditional outcomes.)

• Суд предоставил отсрочку, но грант не был выдан.

  The court granted a postponement, but the funding was not issued. (Legal and administrative contrast.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'грант' (a masculine noun, second declension):

For 'предоставить' (a verb, perfective aspect, from the imperfective 'предоставлять'):

It follows first conjugation patterns with irregularities in past tense forms. Past tense: предоставил (masc.), предоставила (fem.), предоставило (neut.), предоставили (plur.). Future: буду предоставлять. Note: This verb is aspectual and requires understanding of perfective/imperfective pairs.

For 'выдать' (perfective verb, from imperfective 'выдавать'):

Regular conjugation: Past: выдал, выдала; Future: выдам, выдашь, etc. It remains relatively straightforward but changes with aspect in sentences.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • стипендия (scholarship; more specific to educational awards)
  • субсидия (subsidy; used for financial support with slight bureaucratic connotations)
  • финансирование (funding; broader term for monetary allocation)
• Antonyms:
  • отказ (refusal; implies denial of a grant)
  • изъятие (withdrawal; opposite in the context of removing funds)

Note: 'Стипендия' is often interchangeable with 'грант' in academic settings but implies ongoing support rather than a one-time award.

Related Phrases:

• получить грант - To receive a grant (Common in application processes; implies successful acquisition.)
• грант на исследования - Grant for research (Used in scientific or academic contexts for funding projects.)
• выдать грант - To issue a grant (Formal phrase in administrative or governmental scenarios.)
• государственный грант - State grant (Refers to funding from the government, often with cultural or national implications.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'грант' directly corresponds to the English 'grant' in financial or academic contexts, but it's more formal and less common in casual speech. When using as a verb, choose 'предоставить' for official permissions and 'выдать' for tangible issuances. Be mindful of case inflections—e.g., use genitive for possession like 'гранта университета'. For English learners, note that Russian often pairs grants with specific institutions, so context is key to selecting the right translation.

• Avoid direct word-for-word translation; 'grant' as a verb might require aspect adjustments (e.g., perfective for completed actions).
• In formal writing, 'грант' is preferred; in spoken language, explain the context to avoid confusion with similar terms.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse 'грант' with 'стипендия', using them interchangeably, but 'стипендия' is typically for ongoing scholarships, while 'грант' is for project-specific funding. Error example: "Я получил стипендию для проекта" (incorrect if it's a one-time grant); Correct: "Я получил грант для проекта". Another mistake is incorrect verb aspect, e.g., using imperfective 'предоставлять' when a perfective action is needed: Error: "Я предоставляю грант" (implies ongoing); Correct: "Я предоставил грант" for a completed action. Always check the context to match aspect and case.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, grants ('гранты') are often tied to state programs or international collaborations, reflecting the country's emphasis on education and research. For instance, government grants from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education promote national priorities like technology and innovation, which can carry patriotic connotations in public discourse.

Related Concepts:

• субсидия
• стипендия
• финансирование
• проект