Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'glove'

English Word: glove

Key Russian Translations:

• перчатка /pʲɪrˈt͡ɕatkə/ - [Formal, Singular]
• рукавица /ruˈkəvʲɪtsə/ - [Informal, Often refers to mittens or gloves without fingers]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday conversations about clothing and weather, but not as frequent as basic nouns like "дом" for house).

Difficulty: A2 (Elementary level; straightforward for beginners, but requires understanding of noun declensions for accurate use).

Pronunciation (Russian):

перчатка: /pʲɪrˈt͡ɕatkə/ (The stress is on the second syllable; the "ч" is a palatalized affricate sound, similar to "ch" in "church".)

рукавица: /ruˈkəvʲɪtsə/ (Stress on the third syllable; note the palatalized "вʲ" which softens the pronunciation.)

Note on перчатка: Be cautious with the palatalization; non-native speakers often mispronounce the "т͡ɕ" as a simple "t" sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A covering for the hand worn for protection, warmth, or in sports.

Translation(s) & Context:

• перчатка - Used in formal or everyday contexts for gloves, especially protective or winter ones.
• рукавица - Used informally, often for mittens or work gloves, in casual or rural settings.

Usage Examples:

• Я надеваю перчатки зимой, чтобы руки не замерзли.

  I wear gloves in winter so my hands don't get cold. (This example shows the noun in a simple declarative sentence.)

• Врач надевает перчатки перед операцией для стерильности.

  The doctor puts on gloves before surgery for sterility. (Illustrates use in a professional context with the accusative case.)

• Эти кожаные перчатки очень удобные для вождения.

  These leather gloves are very comfortable for driving. (Demonstrates attributive use with adjectives.)

• Дети играют в снегу в рукавицах, чтобы не замерзнуть.

  Children play in the snow with mittens so they don't get cold. (Shows an alternative translation in a playful, informal context.)

• В магазине продаются перчатки разных размеров.

  In the store, they sell gloves in different sizes. (Highlights plural form and commercial usage.)

A glove in sports (e.g., boxing glove).

Translation(s) & Context:

• перчатка - Specifically for sports like boxing or hockey, emphasizing protective gear.

Usage Examples:

• Боксер надевает перчатки перед боем.

  The boxer puts on gloves before the fight. (Contextualizes in sports.)

• Хоккейные перчатки защищают руки от ударов.

  Hockey gloves protect the hands from impacts. (Shows specialized usage.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "перчатка" and "рукавица" are feminine nouns in the first declension. They follow standard patterns for Russian nouns, with changes based on case, number, and gender. "Перчатка" is regular, while "рукавица" has slight variations in some forms.

Note: These nouns do not have irregular forms, making them relatively easy to learn for beginners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: варежка (vаrеzhka - another term for mitten), митенки (mitenki - fingerless gloves)
• Note on варежка: This is more common in informal or children's contexts, differing from перчатка by often implying a simpler design.
• Antonyms: None directly, as antonyms for clothing items are rare; conceptually, "голые руки" (bare hands) could be considered, but it's a phrase.

Related Phrases:

• Зимние перчатки - Winter gloves (Used for cold weather protection; implies seasonal clothing.)
• Кожаные перчатки - Leather gloves (Common in formal or driving contexts; emphasizes material.)
• Боксерские перчатки - Boxing gloves (Specific to sports; highlights protective gear.)

Usage Notes:

Choose "перчатка" for general or formal references to gloves, as it directly corresponds to the English "glove" in most contexts. "Рукавица" is better for mittens or informal settings. Be mindful of declensions in sentences; for example, use the genitive case after prepositions like "без" (without), as in "без перчаток". In Russian, gloves are often discussed in relation to weather or professions, so context is key for accurate translation.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "перчатка" interchangeably with "рукавица" without considering the difference. Incorrect: "Я ношу рукавицу для вождения" (if it should be a full glove). Correct: "Я ношу перчатку для вождения". Explanation: "Рукавица" typically means a mitten, so it might confuse the meaning in contexts requiring fingers.
• Error: Forgetting declensions, e.g., saying "Я иду с перчатка" instead of "с перчаткой". Incorrect: "с перчатка". Correct: "с перчаткой" (instrumental case). Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English learners often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, gloves like "перчатки" are essential in winter due to the harsh climate, symbolizing practicality and preparation. Historically, elaborate gloves were part of formal attire in tsarist Russia, reflecting social status, though this is less common today.

Related Concepts:

• шапка (hat)
• шарф (scarf)
• куртка (jacket)