Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'frustration'

English Word: frustration

Key Russian Translations:

• фрустрация [fʊˈstratsɨə] - [Formal, Psychological term, often used in professional or academic contexts]
• разочарование [rəzət͡ɕərəˈvanʲɪje] - [Common, Emotional, Informal or everyday language]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in psychological discussions, literature, and daily conversations about emotions, but not as ubiquitous as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of emotional nuances and basic Russian noun inflections; фрустрация may be C1 for its specialized use)

Pronunciation (Russian):

фрустрация: [fʊˈstratsɨə]

Note on фрустрация: The stress falls on the second syllable ("stra"), and the "ts" sound is a voiceless alveolar affricate, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

разочарование: [rəzət͡ɕərəˈvanʲɪje]

Note on разочарование: The "ч" is a voiceless palatal fricative, similar to the "ch" in German "ich." Stress is on the fourth syllable, and it often softens in casual speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The feeling of being upset or annoyed, especially due to inability to achieve something (general emotional sense).

Translation(s) & Context:

• разочарование - Used in everyday contexts to express disappointment in personal or social situations, such as failed expectations.
• фрустрация - Applied in more formal or psychological contexts, like therapy or self-help discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Его постоянное разочарование в работе сказывается на здоровье.

  His constant frustration at work is affecting his health.

• Фрустрация от неудач может мотивировать к изменениям.

  Frustration from failures can motivate change.

• Разочарование в отношениях часто приводит к разрывам.

  Frustration in relationships often leads to breakups.

• Я чувствую фрустрацию, когда не могу решить эту задачу.

  I feel frustration when I can't solve this task.

• Её разочарование выразилось в слезах после проваленного экзамена.

  Her frustration showed in tears after failing the exam.

Meaning 2: A psychological state of tension due to unfulfilled needs or desires (more clinical sense).

Translation(s) & Context:

• фрустрация - Primarily used in psychological or therapeutic contexts, often borrowed from English.
• разочарование - Less formal, but can overlap in emotional discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Психолог объяснил, что фрустрация является нормальной реакцией на стресс.

  The psychologist explained that frustration is a normal reaction to stress.

• Его фрустрация от нереализованных амбиций привела к депрессии.

  His frustration from unfulfilled ambitions led to depression.

• Разочарование в карьере может проявляться как фрустрация.

  Career frustration can manifest as disappointment.

• Дети часто испытывают фрустрацию, когда им запрещают что-то.

  Children often experience frustration when they are denied something.

• Фрустрация в повседневной жизни помогает развивать resilience.

  Frustration in daily life helps build resilience.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are feminine nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard feminine noun declension patterns. фрустрация is a borrowed word and may have less irregular forms, while разочарование follows typical patterns.

Note: These words do not change for gender but inflect regularly for case and number. фрустрация, being a loanword, is invariant in some contexts but follows standard rules.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • раздражение (slight irritation, more immediate than deep frustration)
  • недовольство (dissatisfaction, often in social or professional settings)
• Antonyms:
  • удовлетворение (satisfaction, the opposite of frustration in achievement contexts)
  • радость (joy, contrasting emotional states)

Related Phrases:

• переживание фрустрации - Experiencing frustration (used in psychological contexts to describe coping mechanisms)
• чувство разочарования - Sense of disappointment (common in everyday emotional expressions)
• бороться с фрустрацией - To fight against frustration (implies active management of emotions)

Usage Notes:

Frustration in English often maps directly to фрустрация in Russian for psychological or formal discussions, but in casual speech, разочарование is more natural. Choose фрустрация for academic or therapeutic contexts to maintain precision, as it's a borrowed term. Be mindful of grammatical gender (feminine) and ensure correct case usage in sentences. For example, in prepositional phrases, use the prepositional case like "о фрустрации" (about frustration). English speakers might overgeneralize разочарование, so differentiate based on intensity: frustration implies deeper blockage, while разочарование can be milder.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using фрустрация in everyday informal speech, e.g., saying "Я имею фрустрация" instead of "Я испытываю фрустрацию."
  Correct: The verb must agree with the context; proper form is "Я испытываю фрустрацию." Explanation: фрустрация requires a verb like "испытывать" to convey experiencing it, as direct translation errors can make sentences sound unnatural.
• Mistake: Confusing inflections, e.g., using nominative in all cases like "без фрустрация" instead of "без фрустрации."
  Correct: Use genitive "без фрустрации." Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English learners often overlook, leading to grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, expressions of frustration like разочарование are often tied to themes of resilience and endurance, influenced by historical events such as the Soviet era. Фрустрация, as a modern psychological term, reflects contemporary influences from Western psychology, highlighting a growing awareness of mental health in Russia.

Related Concepts:

• стресс (stress)
• депрессия (depression)
• мотивация (motivation)