Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'finable'

English Word: finable

Key Russian Translations:

• штрафуемый [ʃtrɐfuˈjemɨj] - [Formal, Legal context]
• подлежащий штрафу [pɐdˈlɛʐəʂɨj ˈʂtrafu] - [Informal, Everyday usage]

Frequency: Low (This word and its translations are not commonly used in everyday Russian conversation but appear in legal or administrative texts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjectives and legal terminology. For 'штрафуемый', it's B2; for 'подлежащий штрафу', it's B1 due to its compound structure.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

штрафуемый: [ʃtrɐfuˈjemɨj]

Note on штрафуемый: The stress falls on the third syllable ("je"), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to Russian's mobile stress patterns. Pronounce it with a soft "ye" sound.

подлежащий штрафу: [pɐdˈlɛʐəʂɨj ˈʂtrafu]

Note on подлежащий штрафу: This is a phrase rather than a single word, so break it into parts: "подлежащий" has stress on the second syllable, and "штрафу" is pronounced as in the first translation. Be mindful of the palatalized "ʂ" sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Subject to a fine or penalty (e.g., liable to be fined for an offense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• штрафуемый - Used in formal legal documents or discussions about violations, such as traffic fines.
• подлежащий штрафу - Applied in informal contexts, like everyday conversations about rules and consequences.

Usage Examples:

• Этот поступок штрафуемый по закону. (This act is finable under the law.)

  English Translation: This act is subject to a fine under the law. (Context: Legal discussion, showing the adjective in a declarative sentence.)

• Водитель, подлежащий штрафу за превышение скорости, должен оплатить его в течение 10 дней. (The driver, who is finable for speeding, must pay it within 10 days.)

  English Translation: The driver, who is subject to a fine for speeding, must pay it within 10 days. (Context: Practical advice, demonstrating the phrase in a relative clause.)

• Если вы паркуетесь в запрещённом месте, ваша машина становится штрафуемой. (If you park in a prohibited area, your car becomes finable.)

  English Translation: If you park in a prohibited area, your car becomes subject to a fine. (Context: Hypothetical scenario, illustrating conditional usage.)

• Подлежащий штрафу гражданин имеет право обжаловать решение. (A citizen who is finable has the right to appeal the decision.)

  English Translation: A citizen who is subject to a fine has the right to appeal the decision. (Context: Rights and procedures, showing the phrase with nominal subjects.)

• Штрафуемый объект, такой как этот, требует немедленного внимания. (A finable object like this requires immediate attention.)

  English Translation: A subject-to-fine object like this requires immediate attention. (Context: General warnings, varying sentence structure for emphasis.)

Meaning 2: Capable of being fined in a broader sense (e.g., metaphorical or regulatory contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• штрафуемый - In extended contexts, like business regulations.
• подлежащий штрафу - For informal metaphorical use, such as in personal accountability discussions.

Usage Examples:

• В корпоративной среде поведение может быть штрафуемым, если оно нарушает этические нормы. (In a corporate environment, behavior can be finable if it violates ethical norms.)

  English Translation: In a corporate environment, behavior can be subject to a fine if it violates ethical norms. (Context: Professional settings, showing metaphorical application.)

• Подлежащий штрафу договор должен быть пересмотрен юристом. (A contract that is finable should be reviewed by a lawyer.)

  English Translation: A contract that is subject to a fine should be reviewed by a lawyer. (Context: Legal advice, emphasizing preventive measures.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are adjectives or phrases derived from nouns/verbs, so they follow standard Russian adjective inflections. 'Штрафуемый' is an adjective from the verb 'штрафовать' (to fine) and inflects based on gender, number, and case.

For 'подлежащий штрафу', it is a phrase: 'подлежащий' inflects as a regular adjective, while 'штрафу' is in the dative case and remains relatively stable. This phrase does not inflect as a single unit but adjusts based on sentence requirements.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • штрафной (shtrafnoy) - More general, often used in sports or penalties.
  • наказуемый (nakazuemyy) - Implies punishability, with subtle difference in severity.
• Antonyms:
  • невиновный (nevinovnyy) - Meaning innocent or not liable.
  • безнаказанный (beznakazannyj) - Meaning unpunished or exempt from fines.

Related Phrases:

• Штраф за нарушение - (Fine for violation; Used in legal contexts to specify penalties.)
• Подлежащий административному штрафу - (Subject to an administrative fine; Common in bureaucratic language for regulatory offenses.)
• Выплатить штраф - (To pay the fine; A practical phrase for enforcement scenarios.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'finable' translations like 'штрафуемый' are typically reserved for formal or legal contexts, mirroring English usage in contracts or laws. Choose 'штрафуемый' for concise, adjective-based descriptions and 'подлежащий штрафу' for more explanatory phrases. Be aware of gender agreement in sentences, as Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender, number, and case. For English speakers, avoid direct word-for-word translation; instead, focus on context to select the appropriate form.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'штрафуемый' without proper inflection, e.g., saying "штрафуемый машина" instead of "штрафуемая машина" for a feminine noun like 'машина' (car).

  Correct: Штрафуемая машина должна быть перемещена. (The finable car must be moved.)
  Explanation: Russian requires adjective-noun agreement; neglecting this can make the sentence grammatically incorrect and confusing.

• Error: Confusing 'штрафуемый' with 'штрафной', using it in non-legal contexts like sports.
  Correct: In sports, use 'штрафной' for a penalty kick, not 'штрафуемый'.
  Explanation: These synonyms have overlapping meanings but differ in application; misuse can lead to misunderstandings in context.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, fines and penalties like those described by 'штрафуемый' are often associated with strict bureaucratic systems inherited from Soviet times. This can imply a sense of inevitability or state control, so using such terms in conversation might evoke discussions about personal freedoms versus regulatory compliance.

Related Concepts:

• штраф (shtraf) - Fine
• нарушение (narushenie) - Violation
• административное право (administrativnoe pravo) - Administrative law