Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'fester'

English Word: fester

Key Russian Translations:

• гноиться [ɡnoˈiʲt͡ɕɪ] - [Verb, Informal, Medical context]
• гнойник [ɡnoˈi̯nʲɪk] - [Noun, Masculine, Singular]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in medical or specialized discussions, not in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Upper Intermediate; requires familiarity with Russian verb conjugations and medical terminology)

Pronunciation (Russian):

гноиться: [ɡnoˈiʲt͡ɕɪ]

Note on гноиться: The stress falls on the second syllable; the 'щ' sound is a soft palatal fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

гнойник: [ɡnoˈi̯nʲɪk]

Note on гнойник: The 'й' represents a palatal approximant; ensure the final 'k' is not aspirated, as in English.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To become infected and form pus (Verb form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• гноиться - Used in medical contexts to describe wounds or infections that produce pus, often informally in everyday health discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Рана на ноге начала гноиться после ушиба.

  The wound on my leg started festering after the bruise.

• Если инфекция не лечить, она может гноиться и вызвать осложнения.

  If the infection isn't treated, it can fester and cause complications.

• В жарком климате мелкие царапины часто гноятся без должного ухода.

  In a hot climate, minor scratches often fester without proper care.

• Доктор сказал, что порез гноится из-за бактерий.

  The doctor said the cut is festering because of bacteria.

• Ребёнок плакал, потому что его колено гноилось от падения.

  The child was crying because their knee was festering from the fall.

Meaning 2: A sore or ulcer that becomes septic and forms pus (Noun form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• гнойник - Refers to a pus-filled abscess or boil, typically in formal medical or descriptive contexts.

Usage Examples:

• У него на руке образовался гнойник после инъекции.

  He developed a fester on his arm after the injection.

• Гнойник на десне вызвал сильную боль и отёк.

  The fester on the gum caused severe pain and swelling.

• Врач удалил гнойник, чтобы предотвратить дальнейшую инфекцию.

  The doctor removed the fester to prevent further infection.

• Этот гнойник появился из-за нестерильного инструмента.

  This fester appeared due to an unsterile tool.

• Гнойник на коже может быть признаком серьёзного заболевания.

  A fester on the skin can be a sign of a serious illness.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For гноиться (Verb, imperfective aspect): This is an intransitive verb that follows the standard first-conjugation pattern in Russian. It is irregular in some forms due to its root.

For гнойник (Noun, masculine, second declension): This noun declines regularly based on case and number.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: воспаляться (to become inflamed; more general than гноиться), гнить (to rot; used for organic decay)
• Antonyms: заживать (to heal; implies recovery from infection)

Related Phrases:

• Гнойный процесс - A process involving pus formation; used in medical descriptions to indicate festering infections.
• Гнойный абсцесс - Pus-filled abscess; a common phrase for a severe fester.
• Лечить гнойник - To treat a fester; often refers to draining or medicating an infected sore.

Usage Notes:

Гноиться is a precise translation for the verb form of 'fester' in medical contexts, but it carries a more vivid connotation of pus formation in Russian, so it's best used when emphasizing infection details. Гнойник aligns with the noun form and is neutral in tone, suitable for formal writing. Be mindful of context: in everyday Russian, these words are rare outside health discussions. When choosing between translations, opt for гноиться for processes and гнойник for static conditions. Grammatically, verbs like гноиться require reflexive forms in certain constructions, which might differ from English verb patterns.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using гноиться interchangeably with гнить (to rot). Correct: Гноиться specifically implies pus in infections, while гнить refers to decomposition. Example of error: "Фрукт гноится" (incorrect for fruit); Correct: "Фрукт гниёт". This confusion arises because both involve decay, but гноиться is medical.

• Error: Forgetting reflexive endings in verbs like гноиться. Correct: Always use the reflexive particle '-ся' as in гноиться; without it, the verb is incomplete.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and medicine, terms like гноиться and гнойник are standard in healthcare discussions, reflecting a historical emphasis on infectious diseases in Russia's climate and history. They carry no particular stigma but are often associated with rural or wartime medical scenarios in literature, such as in Tolstoy's works, where festering wounds symbolize endurance or neglect.

Related Concepts:

• инфекция (infection)
• воспаление (inflammation)
• абсцесс (abscess)